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PORTUGAL, CHINA AND THE NEW REPUBLICAN REGIMES : CONTINUITIES AND RUPTURES IN SINO─PORTUGUESE DIALOGUE AROUND THE MACAO ISSUE (1909 ─ 1911)葡萄牙、中國與新共和政體：中葡就澳門問題的對話中的持續與破裂 (1909 ─ 1911)

The article analyzes the continuities and ruptures in the Sino-Portuguese relationship surrounding the "Macao question" during the political transition from 1909 to 1911, within the simultaneous context of the advent of republican regimes in both Portugal and China. The central hypothesis holds that...

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Published in:Review of Culture
Main Author: Alfredo Gomes Dias
Format: Articles
Published: Instituto Cultural de Macau October 2011
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Articles
Online Access:https://www.icm.gov.mo/rc/viewer/pdfViewerParts/40040/3121
Summary:The article analyzes the continuities and ruptures in the Sino-Portuguese relationship surrounding the "Macao question" during the political transition from 1909 to 1911, within the simultaneous context of the advent of republican regimes in both Portugal and China. The central hypothesis holds that, despite converging in their nationalist impulse and their pursuit of state modernization, the new leaderships in Lisbon and Beijing reconfigured negotiation practices in an uneven manner, revealing both diplomatic persistences and institutional confrontations when sovereignty, jurisdiction, and security in the Macao space were at stake. Methodologically, the study articulates a comparative framing of the "two revolutions" with a historical reading of diplomacy, foregrounding the contrast between internal agendas (the crisis of the monarchical system and republican reorganization in Portugal; the consolidation of the regime following the Wuchang Revolution in China) and the direct effects on instructions and discourse concerning Macao. The findings indicate that the emergence of the new regimes did not automatically nullify previous lines of dialogue: certain management mechanisms and political language endured. However, the period of 1909–1911 evinces relevant ruptures, above all owing to the instability of legitimacy, the redefinition of external priorities, and the difficulty of reconciling different understandings of Macao's status, rendering negotiation increasingly conditioned by internal pressures and by shifts in the international order.
ISSN:1682-1106

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