Ofício do assistente substituto do magistrado do distrito de Xiangshan, Dai, ao procurador de Macau, sobre o litígio relacionado com um português, residente em Macau, que construiu ilegalmente um muro na Praia do Manduco
This archival document is an imperial edict issued on 12 June 1739 (11th day of the 5th month, 4th year of the Qianlong reign) by the Acting Magistrate of Chashan County, Magistrate Dai, under authority of the Maritime Defence and Civil-Military Prefectural Administration (Hai Fang Jun Min Fu) of Gu...
Saved in:
| Format: | Manuscripts |
|---|---|
| Published: |
1775-06-08
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://macau-legacy.usj.edu.mo/docs/4XNEKUD6/viewer_4XNEKUD6.html |
| _version_ | 1877197619144425472 |
|---|---|
| archiveLocation | PT/TT/DCHN/1/1/000037 |
| building | Portugal. Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo |
| collection | Portugal. Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo |
| description | This archival document is an imperial edict issued on 12 June 1739 (11th day of the 5th month, 4th year of the Qianlong reign) by the Acting Magistrate of Chashan County, Magistrate Dai, under authority of the Maritime Defence and Civil-Military Prefectural Administration (Hai Fang Jun Min Fu) of Guangdong province. It addresses the unlawful construction of stone foundations for a water fortress (*Shui Cheng*) by the foreign resident *Ai-ai-zhu* at Chan Chu Shi (Toad Rock), a coastal promontory near Macau. The edict commands the Qing-appointed foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) to supervise *Ai-ai-zhu* in the immediate demolition and relocation of all newly laid foundations away from the site, and to submit a formally sealed compliance report (*Zun Yi Bao Fu*) without delay. The text records prior inspections, repeated admonitions, an official dispatch (*Xi*), and escalating administrative pressure due to non-compliance, culminating in a reissued urgent order threatening formal legal enforcement (*Tong Piao*). Key figures include Magistrate Dai, Prefect Kong of the Hai Fang Jun Min Fu, *Ai-ai-zhu*, and the *Yi Mu*. The document reflects Qing bureaucratic procedures for regulating foreign residents in the Macau–Guangdong maritime frontier, evidencing jurisdictional tensions, delegated authority, and enforcement mechanisms within mid-Qing coastal administration. |
| first_indexed | 2026-05-17T07:57:33Z |
| format | Manuscripts |
| fulltext | [transcription]
{{PAGE:1}}
[Page]
468
[Archival mark]
1445 T37
[Stamp — top left]
[Red square seal: 乾隆四年五月 十一日 諭]
[Marginalia — left]
十一日諭
[Marginalia — center left]
未便違了特諭
速
[Main text]
署查山縣左堂戴
照得本分縣現奉
海防軍民府孔
憲諭內開夷人噯噯囑遺
例蟾蜍石海邊新填石基九據具詳業經批飭
押拚取遵具報去後復經水分府督同履勘兩
次孔諭該夷目押拚水城具報合亟諭催偹諭
到廳即便遵照刻日飛飭夷目督令噯噯囑立
將新創墻脚石塊盡行拆除搬遷別處取具遵
依報覆毋任抗延取咎等因奉此為查夷人噯噯
囑在蟾蜍石海邊遺例新築石基當經本分縣再
三面諭該夷目盡行拆毀復文檄飭去後未據押
拚盡淨具稟該夷目任催罔應甚屬抗延茲奉
前司合再諭催諭到該夷目即便遵照刻日督令噯
噯囑立將新創墻脚石塊盡行拆除搬遷別處取
具遵依一本繳赴
本分縣以凭轉繳報覆倘敢再延定行通票致千
[Signature]
[Red circular seal: (Selo ilegível)]
[Stamp — top right]
[Red circular seal: (Selo ilegível)]
[translation]
{{PAGE:1}}
**Translation (Modern UK Academic English)**
**
[Page]
**
468
**[Archival reference]**
1445 T37
**[Official seal — top left]**
Imperial Edict, 11th day of the 5th month, 4th year of the Qianlong reign (1739)
**[Marginal annotation — left margin]**
Edict issued on the 11th day
**[Marginal annotation — centre-left margin]**
Non-compliance with this special edict is impermissible.
Urgent.
**
[Main text]
**
Acting Magistrate of Chashan County, Magistrate Dai
Whereas this sub-prefecture has received an official directive from the Maritime Defence and Civil-Military Prefectural Administration (Hai Fang Jun Min Fu), Prefect Kong, which states:
> ‘The foreign resident *Ai-ai-zhu* has, in contravention of established precedent, erected new stone foundations along the seashore at Chan Chu Shi (Toad Rock). A detailed report on the matter has already been submitted and formally approved; instructions were accordingly issued for immediate demolition. Subsequently, the Prefectural Administration dispatched officials to conduct two on-site inspections jointly with the local magistrate. In accordance with Prefect Kong’s directive, the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) was instructed to oversee the dismantling of the water fortress (*Shui Cheng*) and to submit a formal report. It is therefore now imperative to issue this urgent directive.’
Accordingly, upon receipt of the above, this sub-prefecture hereby commands that, immediately upon receipt of this order, the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) shall personally supervise *Ai-ai-zhu* in the complete removal and relocation—away from the site—of all newly laid foundation stones for the wall. A formal report confirming full compliance must be submitted without delay. Failure to comply promptly will incur disciplinary consequences.
This directive having been issued, it is further ascertained that the foreign resident *Ai-ai-zhu*, in violation of long-standing local precedent, constructed new stone foundations along the seashore at Chan Chu Shi. The present sub-prefecture has repeatedly admonished the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) in person to ensure the total demolition of these works. An official dispatch (*Xi*) was also sent to reinforce these instructions. Nevertheless, no formal report confirming full clearance has yet been received; the foreign headman has disregarded repeated summonses—an act constituting serious non-compliance and deliberate delay.
In view of the foregoing, and pursuant to the directive issued by the superior administrative office (*Qian Si*), this sub-prefecture hereby reissues this urgent order. Upon receipt, the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) shall immediately—without delay—supervise *Ai-ai-zhu* in the complete demolition and removal of all newly laid foundation stones to another location. A certified report of full compliance (*Zun Yi Bao Fu*), duly sealed and submitted in original, must be delivered forthwith to this sub-prefecture for onward transmission and official record. Should further delay occur, formal legal proceedings (*Tong Piao*) will be initiated without hesitation, with attendant penalties.
**
[Signature]
**
[Illegible red circular seal]
**
[Seal — top right]
**
[Illegible red circular seal]
---
**Notes for Academic Use:**
- *Ai-ai-zhu*: A phonetic rendering (likely Cantonese or Macanese Portuguese-influenced) of a personal name, preserved in its original orthography to reflect archival transcription practice; may correspond to a Portuguese or Eurasian resident active in the Macau–Guangdong maritime frontier during the mid-Qing period.
- *Chan Chu Shi* (Toad Rock): A coastal promontory near Macau, historically significant for maritime surveillance and boundary demarcation between Qing imperial jurisdiction and Portuguese-administered Macau.
- *Hai Fang Jun Min Fu* (Maritime Defence and Civil-Military Prefectural Administration): A hybrid military-civil administrative office responsible for coastal security, trade regulation, and foreign resident oversight in Guangdong province during the Qing dynasty.
- *Yi Mu* (‘Foreign Headman’): A Qing-appointed intermediary—often a prominent local merchant or community leader—who liaised between foreign residents (particularly Portuguese in Macau) and imperial authorities; not a colonial official, but an imperial appointee exercising delegated administrative authority.
- *Tong Piao* (‘General Warrant’): A formal judicial instrument authorising coercive enforcement, including arrest, property seizure, or public censure, issued by prefectural or county authorities under Qing administrative law.
- All dates follow the traditional lunisolar calendar; the 11th day of the 5th month in the 4th year of Qianlong corresponds to 12 June 1739 (Gregorian).
- Terminology reflects standard Qing bureaucratic usage; British English equivalents (e.g., ‘sub-prefecture’, ‘prefect’, ‘dispatch’) align with current historiographical conventions in UK-based Qing studies (cf. Rowe, *China’s Last Empire*; Mok, *Sino-Portuguese Relations*). |
| fulltext_transcription | {{PAGE:1}}
[Page]
468
[Archival mark]
1445 T37
[Stamp — top left]
[Red square seal: 乾隆四年五月 十一日 諭]
[Marginalia — left]
十一日諭
[Marginalia — center left]
未便違了特諭
速
[Main text]
署查山縣左堂戴
照得本分縣現奉
海防軍民府孔
憲諭內開夷人噯噯囑遺
例蟾蜍石海邊新填石基九據具詳業經批飭
押拚取遵具報去後復經水分府督同履勘兩
次孔諭該夷目押拚水城具報合亟諭催偹諭
到廳即便遵照刻日飛飭夷目督令噯噯囑立
將新創墻脚石塊盡行拆除搬遷別處取具遵
依報覆毋任抗延取咎等因奉此為查夷人噯噯
囑在蟾蜍石海邊遺例新築石基當經本分縣再
三面諭該夷目盡行拆毀復文檄飭去後未據押
拚盡淨具稟該夷目任催罔應甚屬抗延茲奉
前司合再諭催諭到該夷目即便遵照刻日督令噯
噯囑立將新創墻脚石塊盡行拆除搬遷別處取
具遵依一本繳赴
本分縣以凭轉繳報覆倘敢再延定行通票致千
[Signature]
[Red circular seal: (Selo ilegível)]
[Stamp — top right]
[Red circular seal: (Selo ilegível)] |
| fulltext_translation | {{PAGE:1}}
**Translation (Modern UK Academic English)**
**
[Page]
**
468
**[Archival reference]**
1445 T37
**[Official seal — top left]**
Imperial Edict, 11th day of the 5th month, 4th year of the Qianlong reign (1739)
**[Marginal annotation — left margin]**
Edict issued on the 11th day
**[Marginal annotation — centre-left margin]**
Non-compliance with this special edict is impermissible.
Urgent.
**
[Main text]
**
Acting Magistrate of Chashan County, Magistrate Dai
Whereas this sub-prefecture has received an official directive from the Maritime Defence and Civil-Military Prefectural Administration (Hai Fang Jun Min Fu), Prefect Kong, which states:
> ‘The foreign resident *Ai-ai-zhu* has, in contravention of established precedent, erected new stone foundations along the seashore at Chan Chu Shi (Toad Rock). A detailed report on the matter has already been submitted and formally approved; instructions were accordingly issued for immediate demolition. Subsequently, the Prefectural Administration dispatched officials to conduct two on-site inspections jointly with the local magistrate. In accordance with Prefect Kong’s directive, the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) was instructed to oversee the dismantling of the water fortress (*Shui Cheng*) and to submit a formal report. It is therefore now imperative to issue this urgent directive.’
Accordingly, upon receipt of the above, this sub-prefecture hereby commands that, immediately upon receipt of this order, the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) shall personally supervise *Ai-ai-zhu* in the complete removal and relocation—away from the site—of all newly laid foundation stones for the wall. A formal report confirming full compliance must be submitted without delay. Failure to comply promptly will incur disciplinary consequences.
This directive having been issued, it is further ascertained that the foreign resident *Ai-ai-zhu*, in violation of long-standing local precedent, constructed new stone foundations along the seashore at Chan Chu Shi. The present sub-prefecture has repeatedly admonished the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) in person to ensure the total demolition of these works. An official dispatch (*Xi*) was also sent to reinforce these instructions. Nevertheless, no formal report confirming full clearance has yet been received; the foreign headman has disregarded repeated summonses—an act constituting serious non-compliance and deliberate delay.
In view of the foregoing, and pursuant to the directive issued by the superior administrative office (*Qian Si*), this sub-prefecture hereby reissues this urgent order. Upon receipt, the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) shall immediately—without delay—supervise *Ai-ai-zhu* in the complete demolition and removal of all newly laid foundation stones to another location. A certified report of full compliance (*Zun Yi Bao Fu*), duly sealed and submitted in original, must be delivered forthwith to this sub-prefecture for onward transmission and official record. Should further delay occur, formal legal proceedings (*Tong Piao*) will be initiated without hesitation, with attendant penalties.
**
[Signature]
**
[Illegible red circular seal]
**
[Seal — top right]
**
[Illegible red circular seal]
---
**Notes for Academic Use:**
- *Ai-ai-zhu*: A phonetic rendering (likely Cantonese or Macanese Portuguese-influenced) of a personal name, preserved in its original orthography to reflect archival transcription practice; may correspond to a Portuguese or Eurasian resident active in the Macau–Guangdong maritime frontier during the mid-Qing period.
- *Chan Chu Shi* (Toad Rock): A coastal promontory near Macau, historically significant for maritime surveillance and boundary demarcation between Qing imperial jurisdiction and Portuguese-administered Macau.
- *Hai Fang Jun Min Fu* (Maritime Defence and Civil-Military Prefectural Administration): A hybrid military-civil administrative office responsible for coastal security, trade regulation, and foreign resident oversight in Guangdong province during the Qing dynasty.
- *Yi Mu* (‘Foreign Headman’): A Qing-appointed intermediary—often a prominent local merchant or community leader—who liaised between foreign residents (particularly Portuguese in Macau) and imperial authorities; not a colonial official, but an imperial appointee exercising delegated administrative authority.
- *Tong Piao* (‘General Warrant’): A formal judicial instrument authorising coercive enforcement, including arrest, property seizure, or public censure, issued by prefectural or county authorities under Qing administrative law.
- All dates follow the traditional lunisolar calendar; the 11th day of the 5th month in the 4th year of Qianlong corresponds to 12 June 1739 (Gregorian).
- Terminology reflects standard Qing bureaucratic usage; British English equivalents (e.g., ‘sub-prefecture’, ‘prefect’, ‘dispatch’) align with current historiographical conventions in UK-based Qing studies (cf. Rowe, *China’s Last Empire*; Mok, *Sino-Portuguese Relations*). |
| genre | Manuscripts |
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| hierarchy_parent_title | Chapas Sínicas Maço 1 Transcriptions |
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| last_indexed | 2026-09-24T07:28:05Z |
| latest_content_date | 2026-09-24T07:28:05Z |
| publishDate | 1775-06-08 |
| publishDateRange | 1775 |
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| spelling | Ofício do assistente substituto do magistrado do distrito de Xiangshan, Dai, ao procurador de Macau, sobre o litígio relacionado com um português, residente em Macau, que construiu ilegalmente um muro na Praia do Manduco This archival document is an imperial edict issued on 12 June 1739 (11th day of the 5th month, 4th year of the Qianlong reign) by the Acting Magistrate of Chashan County, Magistrate Dai, under authority of the Maritime Defence and Civil-Military Prefectural Administration (Hai Fang Jun Min Fu) of Guangdong province. It addresses the unlawful construction of stone foundations for a water fortress (*Shui Cheng*) by the foreign resident *Ai-ai-zhu* at Chan Chu Shi (Toad Rock), a coastal promontory near Macau. The edict commands the Qing-appointed foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) to supervise *Ai-ai-zhu* in the immediate demolition and relocation of all newly laid foundations away from the site, and to submit a formally sealed compliance report (*Zun Yi Bao Fu*) without delay. The text records prior inspections, repeated admonitions, an official dispatch (*Xi*), and escalating administrative pressure due to non-compliance, culminating in a reissued urgent order threatening formal legal enforcement (*Tong Piao*). Key figures include Magistrate Dai, Prefect Kong of the Hai Fang Jun Min Fu, *Ai-ai-zhu*, and the *Yi Mu*. The document reflects Qing bureaucratic procedures for regulating foreign residents in the Macau–Guangdong maritime frontier, evidencing jurisdictional tensions, delegated authority, and enforcement mechanisms within mid-Qing coastal administration. Manuscripts Portugal. Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo PT/TT/DCHN/1/1/000037 1775-06-08 Ai-ai-zhu Chashan County Magistracy Hai Fang Jun Min Fu Qianlong Reign Edict Qing local governance Shui Cheng construction Toad Rock Yi Mu coastal fortification regulation maritime defence jurisdiction stone foundations demolition {{PAGE:1}} [Page] 468 [Archival mark] 1445 T37 [Stamp — top left] [Red square seal: 乾隆四年五月 十一日 諭] [Marginalia — left] 十一日諭 [Marginalia — center left] 未便違了特諭 速 [Main text] 署查山縣左堂戴 照得本分縣現奉 海防軍民府孔 憲諭內開夷人噯噯囑遺 例蟾蜍石海邊新填石基九據具詳業經批飭 押拚取遵具報去後復經水分府督同履勘兩 次孔諭該夷目押拚水城具報合亟諭催偹諭 到廳即便遵照刻日飛飭夷目督令噯噯囑立 將新創墻脚石塊盡行拆除搬遷別處取具遵 依報覆毋任抗延取咎等因奉此為查夷人噯噯 囑在蟾蜍石海邊遺例新築石基當經本分縣再 三面諭該夷目盡行拆毀復文檄飭去後未據押 拚盡淨具稟該夷目任催罔應甚屬抗延茲奉 前司合再諭催諭到該夷目即便遵照刻日督令噯 噯囑立將新創墻脚石塊盡行拆除搬遷別處取 具遵依一本繳赴 本分縣以凭轉繳報覆倘敢再延定行通票致千 [Signature] [Red circular seal: (Selo ilegível)] [Stamp — top right] [Red circular seal: (Selo ilegível)] {{PAGE:1}} **Translation (Modern UK Academic English)** ** [Page] ** 468 **[Archival reference]** 1445 T37 **[Official seal — top left]** Imperial Edict, 11th day of the 5th month, 4th year of the Qianlong reign (1739) **[Marginal annotation — left margin]** Edict issued on the 11th day **[Marginal annotation — centre-left margin]** Non-compliance with this special edict is impermissible. Urgent. ** [Main text] ** Acting Magistrate of Chashan County, Magistrate Dai Whereas this sub-prefecture has received an official directive from the Maritime Defence and Civil-Military Prefectural Administration (Hai Fang Jun Min Fu), Prefect Kong, which states: > ‘The foreign resident *Ai-ai-zhu* has, in contravention of established precedent, erected new stone foundations along the seashore at Chan Chu Shi (Toad Rock). A detailed report on the matter has already been submitted and formally approved; instructions were accordingly issued for immediate demolition. Subsequently, the Prefectural Administration dispatched officials to conduct two on-site inspections jointly with the local magistrate. In accordance with Prefect Kong’s directive, the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) was instructed to oversee the dismantling of the water fortress (*Shui Cheng*) and to submit a formal report. It is therefore now imperative to issue this urgent directive.’ Accordingly, upon receipt of the above, this sub-prefecture hereby commands that, immediately upon receipt of this order, the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) shall personally supervise *Ai-ai-zhu* in the complete removal and relocation—away from the site—of all newly laid foundation stones for the wall. A formal report confirming full compliance must be submitted without delay. Failure to comply promptly will incur disciplinary consequences. This directive having been issued, it is further ascertained that the foreign resident *Ai-ai-zhu*, in violation of long-standing local precedent, constructed new stone foundations along the seashore at Chan Chu Shi. The present sub-prefecture has repeatedly admonished the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) in person to ensure the total demolition of these works. An official dispatch (*Xi*) was also sent to reinforce these instructions. Nevertheless, no formal report confirming full clearance has yet been received; the foreign headman has disregarded repeated summonses—an act constituting serious non-compliance and deliberate delay. In view of the foregoing, and pursuant to the directive issued by the superior administrative office (*Qian Si*), this sub-prefecture hereby reissues this urgent order. Upon receipt, the foreign headman (*Yi Mu*) shall immediately—without delay—supervise *Ai-ai-zhu* in the complete demolition and removal of all newly laid foundation stones to another location. A certified report of full compliance (*Zun Yi Bao Fu*), duly sealed and submitted in original, must be delivered forthwith to this sub-prefecture for onward transmission and official record. Should further delay occur, formal legal proceedings (*Tong Piao*) will be initiated without hesitation, with attendant penalties. ** [Signature] ** [Illegible red circular seal] ** [Seal — top right] ** [Illegible red circular seal] --- **Notes for Academic Use:** - *Ai-ai-zhu*: A phonetic rendering (likely Cantonese or Macanese Portuguese-influenced) of a personal name, preserved in its original orthography to reflect archival transcription practice; may correspond to a Portuguese or Eurasian resident active in the Macau–Guangdong maritime frontier during the mid-Qing period. - *Chan Chu Shi* (Toad Rock): A coastal promontory near Macau, historically significant for maritime surveillance and boundary demarcation between Qing imperial jurisdiction and Portuguese-administered Macau. - *Hai Fang Jun Min Fu* (Maritime Defence and Civil-Military Prefectural Administration): A hybrid military-civil administrative office responsible for coastal security, trade regulation, and foreign resident oversight in Guangdong province during the Qing dynasty. - *Yi Mu* (‘Foreign Headman’): A Qing-appointed intermediary—often a prominent local merchant or community leader—who liaised between foreign residents (particularly Portuguese in Macau) and imperial authorities; not a colonial official, but an imperial appointee exercising delegated administrative authority. - *Tong Piao* (‘General Warrant’): A formal judicial instrument authori |
| spellingShingle | Ofício do assistente substituto do magistrado do distrito de Xiangshan, Dai, ao procurador de Macau, sobre o litígio relacionado com um português, residente em Macau, que construiu ilegalmente um muro na Praia do Manduco Ai-ai-zhu Chashan County Magistracy Hai Fang Jun Min Fu Qianlong Reign Edict Qing local governance Shui Cheng construction Toad Rock Yi Mu coastal fortification regulation maritime defence jurisdiction stone foundations demolition |
| title | Ofício do assistente substituto do magistrado do distrito de Xiangshan, Dai, ao procurador de Macau, sobre o litígio relacionado com um português, residente em Macau, que construiu ilegalmente um muro na Praia do Manduco |
| title_autocomplete | Ofício do assistente substituto do magistrado do distrito de Xiangshan, Dai, ao procurador de Macau, sobre o litígio relacionado com um português, residente em Macau, que construiu ilegalmente um muro na Praia do Manduco |
| title_full | Ofício do assistente substituto do magistrado do distrito de Xiangshan, Dai, ao procurador de Macau, sobre o litígio relacionado com um português, residente em Macau, que construiu ilegalmente um muro na Praia do Manduco |
| title_fullStr | Ofício do assistente substituto do magistrado do distrito de Xiangshan, Dai, ao procurador de Macau, sobre o litígio relacionado com um português, residente em Macau, que construiu ilegalmente um muro na Praia do Manduco |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ofício do assistente substituto do magistrado do distrito de Xiangshan, Dai, ao procurador de Macau, sobre o litígio relacionado com um português, residente em Macau, que construiu ilegalmente um muro na Praia do Manduco |
| title_short | Ofício do assistente substituto do magistrado do distrito de Xiangshan, Dai, ao procurador de Macau, sobre o litígio relacionado com um português, residente em Macau, que construiu ilegalmente um muro na Praia do Manduco |
| title_sort | ofício do assistente substituto do magistrado do distrito de xiangshan, dai, ao procurador de macau, sobre o litígio relacionado com um português, residente em macau, que construiu ilegalmente um muro na praia do manduco |
| topic | Ai-ai-zhu Chashan County Magistracy Hai Fang Jun Min Fu Qianlong Reign Edict Qing local governance Shui Cheng construction Toad Rock Yi Mu coastal fortification regulation maritime defence jurisdiction stone foundations demolition |
| topic_autocomplete | Ai-ai-zhu Chashan County Magistracy Hai Fang Jun Min Fu Qianlong Reign Edict Qing local governance Shui Cheng construction Toad Rock Yi Mu coastal fortification regulation maritime defence jurisdiction stone foundations demolition |
| topic_facet | Ai-ai-zhu Chashan County Magistracy Hai Fang Jun Min Fu Qianlong Reign Edict Qing local governance Shui Cheng construction Toad Rock Yi Mu coastal fortification regulation maritime defence jurisdiction stone foundations demolition |
| url | https://macau-legacy.usj.edu.mo/docs/4XNEKUD6/viewer_4XNEKUD6.html |
| zotero_collection_key | 6E6PR22G HDYWE267 PAAL2UHW |