A REPÚBLICA E A HERANÇA ECONÓMICA DA MONARQUIA CONSTITUCIONAL共和國與君主立憲制的經濟遺產
The article argues that the establishment of republican regimes in Portugal and China exposed the exhaustion of monarchical logics of power and their difficulties in driving an economic modernization capable of sustaining industrialization, the rational intensification of agriculture, and integratio...
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| Published in: | Review of Culture |
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| Main Author: | |
| Format: | Articles |
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Instituto Cultural de Macau
January 2011
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| Online Access: | https://www.icm.gov.mo/rc/viewer/pdfViewerParts/40037/3284 |
| Summary: | The article argues that the establishment of republican regimes in Portugal and China exposed the exhaustion of monarchical logics of power and their difficulties in driving an economic modernization capable of sustaining industrialization, the rational intensification of agriculture, and integration into global markets. Starting from a historiographical framework that situates recurrent causes of Portuguese "backwardness" in the second half of the nineteenth century, the author proposes an integrated reading of exogenous and endogenous dimensions. Methodologically, it draws on interpretive syntheses and economic-productive data—namely the Industrial Surveys of 1881 and 1890—to characterize the pattern of development and structural constraints on growth. Among the central conclusions, it stands out that the Portuguese economy did not experience an industrial revolution on the "classic" English scale: industrialization was incipient, concentrated, and dependent on first-wave sectors, with weak transformation of productive structures and a persistent predominance of labor and wealth in agriculture. The text further articulates causes such as the primary-export orientation reinforced by treaties with England, peripheralization vis-à-vis industrialized Europe, the weight of aristocratic attitudes toward investment, monetary and credit limitations, deficiencies in taxation and education, and the persistence of landholding structures and regimes of exploitation that delayed monetization and productivity. |
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| ISSN: | 1682-1106 |