SUN YAT SEN AND THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL孫中山與第二國際
The article argues that the historiography of the Xinhai Revolution and the political trajectory of Sun Yat Sen has neglected a crucial intermediary: the connections between the revolutionary strategy of the Second International and Chinese republican projects in the period preceding the founding of...
Saved in:
| Published in: | Review of Culture |
|---|---|
| Main Author: | |
| Format: | Articles |
| Published: |
Instituto Cultural de Macau
January 2011
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.icm.gov.mo/rc/viewer/pdfViewerParts/40037/3277 |
| _version_ | 1877196270547763200 |
|---|---|
| author | Paul B. Spooner |
| author_autocomplete | Paul B. Spooner |
| author_browse | Paul B. Spooner |
| author_facet | Paul B. Spooner Paul B. Spooner |
| author_sort | Paul B. Spooner |
| container_title | Review of Culture |
| container_title_str | Review of Culture |
| container_volume | 37 |
| container_volume_str | 37 |
| description | The article argues that the historiography of the Xinhai Revolution and the political trajectory of Sun Yat Sen has neglected a crucial intermediary: the connections between the revolutionary strategy of the Second International and Chinese republican projects in the period preceding the founding of the Third International. Proceeding from the assumption that political and intellectual contact existed between European socialists and Chinese revolutionaries before March 1919, Spooner reconstructs this link through the geopolitical backdrop of the dispute over Manchuria (Qing, Tsarist Russia, and Japan) and the repercussions of the Russian revolutions, in which militants linked to the Second International were deeply involved. It then relates Sun’s shift toward a political philosophy with elements from the socialist world—particularly after the fundraising trip of 1904–1905—with explicit references to his affiliation and with contemporary descriptions of “socializing” tendencies associated with the post-1912 period. Methodologically, the text articulates documentary evidence from period publications and compilations (such as yearbooks and works on the history of socialism) with the Marxist theoretical framework on the sequence between bourgeois revolutions and socialist revolutions. The conclusions suggest that, rather than a late and exclusively Comintern transition, Sun’s trajectory and the formulation of reformist/revolutionary programs engaged early on with internationalist debates on revolution, legality, and armed struggle. |
| first_indexed | 2026-09-11T02:56:57Z |
| format | Articles |
| genre | Articles |
| genre_facet | Articles |
| hierarchy_browse | Review of Culture{{{_ID_}}}zotero-coll-76L3BRGH |
| hierarchy_parent_id | zotero-coll-76L3BRGH |
| hierarchy_parent_title | Review of Culture |
| hierarchy_sequence | 0000 |
| hierarchy_top_id | zotero-coll-WX87PJHD |
| hierarchy_top_title | News |
| hierarchytype | Default |
| id | zotero-9XRF5RK6 |
| institution | zotero_group |
| issn | 1682-1106 |
| last_indexed | 2026-09-11T02:56:57Z |
| latest_content_date | 2026-09-11T02:56:57Z |
| publishDate | January 2011 |
| publishDateRange | 2011 |
| publishDateSort | 2011 |
| publishPlace | Macau |
| publisher | Instituto Cultural de Macau |
| publisherStr | Instituto Cultural de Macau |
| record_format | zotero |
| spelling | SUN YAT SEN AND THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL孫中山與第二國際 The article argues that the historiography of the Xinhai Revolution and the political trajectory of Sun Yat Sen has neglected a crucial intermediary: the connections between the revolutionary strategy of the Second International and Chinese republican projects in the period preceding the founding of the Third International. Proceeding from the assumption that political and intellectual contact existed between European socialists and Chinese revolutionaries before March 1919, Spooner reconstructs this link through the geopolitical backdrop of the dispute over Manchuria (Qing, Tsarist Russia, and Japan) and the repercussions of the Russian revolutions, in which militants linked to the Second International were deeply involved. It then relates Sun’s shift toward a political philosophy with elements from the socialist world—particularly after the fundraising trip of 1904–1905—with explicit references to his affiliation and with contemporary descriptions of “socializing” tendencies associated with the post-1912 period. Methodologically, the text articulates documentary evidence from period publications and compilations (such as yearbooks and works on the history of socialism) with the Marxist theoretical framework on the sequence between bourgeois revolutions and socialist revolutions. The conclusions suggest that, rather than a late and exclusively Comintern transition, Sun’s trajectory and the formulation of reformist/revolutionary programs engaged early on with internationalist debates on revolution, legality, and armed struggle. Instituto Cultural de Macau Macau Review of Culture Articles January 2011 Paul B. Spooner |
| spellingShingle | SUN YAT SEN AND THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL孫中山與第二國際 Paul B. Spooner |
| title | SUN YAT SEN AND THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL孫中山與第二國際 |
| title_autocomplete | SUN YAT SEN AND THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL孫中山與第二國際 |
| title_full | SUN YAT SEN AND THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL孫中山與第二國際 |
| title_fullStr | SUN YAT SEN AND THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL孫中山與第二國際 |
| title_full_unstemmed | SUN YAT SEN AND THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL孫中山與第二國際 |
| title_short | SUN YAT SEN AND THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL孫中山與第二國際 |
| title_sort | sun yat sen and the second international孫中山與第二國際 |
| url | https://www.icm.gov.mo/rc/viewer/pdfViewerParts/40037/3277 |
| zotero_collection_key | 76L3BRGH |