A INSERÇÃO DAS FILIPINAS NA ÁSIA ORIENTAL (1565-1593)
This article analyzes the initial processes of integrating the Spanish presence into the Philippines (1565-1593) within the context of the dynamic geopolitical and commercial networks of East Asia. Using the concept of the "Asian Mediterranean," the author argues that Hispanic colonization did not o...
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| Published in: | Review of Culture |
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| Main Author: | |
| Format: | Articles |
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Instituto Cultural de Macau
July 2003
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| Online Access: | https://www.icm.gov.mo/rc/viewer/pdfViewerParts/40007/3887 |
| Summary: | This article analyzes the initial processes of integrating the Spanish presence into the Philippines (1565-1593) within the context of the dynamic geopolitical and commercial networks of East Asia. Using the concept of the "Asian Mediterranean," the author argues that Hispanic colonization did not occur in a vacuum, but rather in a pre-existing and vibrant regional space, characterized by urban cosmopolitanism and intense maritime exchanges involving China, Japan, and the Islamic sultanates of Southeast Asia.
The investigation highlights that the subsistence economy of the archipelago and the absence of immediate surpluses—such as gold, silver, or spices—forced the colonial administration to adapt its original model, focusing on interaction with external mercantile communities, especially traders from Fujian. This scenario of scarce internal fiscal margin culminated in the rapid consolidation of the Manila Galleon route and the formation of a dual colonial model: on the one hand, the territorial and agrarian control exercised by religious orders in the interior, and on the other, the emergence of Manila as a cosmopolitan mercantile metropolis, transformed into a "Chinese city" under a Castilian ruling elite. The study also addresses the Hispanic projection toward Borneo, the Moluccas, and the Portuguese enclaves, evidencing the complex web of Iberian relations in the Far East during the sixteenth century. |
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| ISSN: | 1682-1106 |