Sobre a missão portuguesa em Hainan (Tang Van). De Cônsul Geral para o Ministro de Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros. Manuscrito com as cópias das cartas para o Governo Eclesiástico da Diocese de Macau.
This is a collection of official diplomatic and ecclesiastical correspondence dated between 26 March and 11 April 1908, originating from the Portuguese Consulate General in Canton, the Episcopal Administration of Macau, and mission authorities on Hainan Island. The documents concern a series of viol...
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| Format: | Documents |
|---|---|
| Language: | Portuguese |
| Published: |
1908
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| Subjects: |
Anti-Christian Disturbances Tang-von
;
Chapel Damage
;
Christians Injured
;
Compensation Demanded
;
Diplomatic Records
;
Ecclesiastical Correspondence
;
Episcopal Administration Macau
;
Father Francisco de Paula Situ
;
Father Manuel Maria Marques
;
Food Water Shortages
;
Guangxu Era
;
Imprisonment Conditions
;
Market Measurement Dispute
;
Mission Authorities Hainan Island
;
Missionary Siege
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Portuguese Consulate in Canton
;
Portuguese Diplomacy 1908
;
Religious Property Loss
;
Réis
;
Sacred Objects Destroyed
;
Settlements Involved
;
Sino-Western Relations
;
Villagers Attack
;
Zhang Ruijing
;
Documents
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| Online Access: | https://macau-legacy.usj.edu.mo/docs/B3ZASMAU/viewer_B3ZASMAU.html |
| Summary: | This is a collection of official diplomatic and ecclesiastical correspondence dated between 26 March and 11 April 1908, originating from the Portuguese Consulate General in Canton, the Episcopal Administration of Macau, and mission authorities on Hainan Island. The documents concern a series of violent anti-Christian disturbances in Tang-von (T'an-wen), Hainan, beginning on 18 March 1908, during the final year of the Guangxu era. Led by local scholars Zhang Ruijing and Zhang Ruijiu with the complicity of the District Magistrate, villagers from eight surrounding settlements attacked the Portuguese Catholic Mission, looted Christian homes, destroyed sacred objects, and imprisoned seven Christians—some severely injured—under brutal conditions. Father Francisco de Paula Situ, the missionary, was besieged for three days without food or water. The unrest stemmed from a dispute over market measurement standards previously regulated by the Mission. The Superior of the Hainan Mission, Father Manuel Maria Marques, reported extensive damage to the chapel, residences, and religious property, and demanded compensation of at least $300,000 réis. Due to the absence of a Portuguese consular agent on Hainan, information was relayed via Macau’s Bishopric under José da Costa Nunes, prompting Consul João Damaso da Costa de Moraes to request intervention from the Portuguese Minister in Peking and coordinate with French consular authorities, who held protective jurisdiction over Catholic missions in China. The Viceroy of the Two Kuang Provinces issued telegraphic orders to suppress the disturbance, and by late March, order was restored through military intervention. A joint inspection on 29 March confirmed widespread destruction. The documents reflect colonial-era diplomatic protocols, ecclesiastical authority structures, and Sino-foreign tensions in late Qing China, offering critical insights into missionary protection, cross-border governance, and local resistance dynamics. 87276 |
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