Consulta do Conselho Ultramarino a D. João IV, rei de Portugal sobre os ordenados e liberdades dos capitães, oficiais e marinheiros dos navios que vão para a China. O Conselho propõe o que se deve conceder
This archival document comprises a composite Portuguese colonial memorandum, dated 10 January 1564 (with internal references to 20 January 1561 and 14 January 1564), originating from Macau and bearing marginalia, official stamps, and signatures of Dom Afonso de Barros, Commandant of Macau, and other...
Saved in:
| Format: | Manuscripts |
|---|---|
| Published: |
1643-12-29
|
| Subjects: |
Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino
;
Cape Verde
;
China-bound merchant vessels
;
Estado da Índia
;
Galleon crew composition
;
Lisbon
;
Malacca
;
Mozambique
;
Portuguese Colonial Administration
;
Portuguese Overseas Fiscal Policy
;
Rio de Janeiro
;
Royal consultation
;
customary liberties
;
freight allowances
;
maritime personnel entitlements
;
merchant vessels Asia trade
;
ration stipends
;
royal vessels Asia trade
;
salary structures
;
Manuscripts
|
| Online Access: | https://macau-legacy.usj.edu.mo/docs/K5NXG663/viewer_K5NXG663.html |
| _version_ | 1877197621247868928 |
|---|---|
| archiveLocation | PT/AHU/CU/062/0001/00033 |
| building | Portugal. Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino |
| collection | Portugal. Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino |
| description | This archival document comprises a composite Portuguese colonial memorandum, dated 10 January 1564 (with internal references to 20 January 1561 and 14 January 1564), originating from Macau and bearing marginalia, official stamps, and signatures of Dom Afonso de Barros, Commandant of Macau, and other Luso-Asian officials including Luís Meiradanhã. It records administrative directives concerning fiscal privileges, provisioning allowances, vessel classification, and customs regulations across multiple theatres: the Malacca and China trade routes; West African navigation (specifically the Rio Nego in Portuguese Guinea); and the India House (*Casa da Índia*) and Royal Storehouse (*Almazém*) apparatus in Lisbon. Key figures include the *Mestre de Campo*, the *Provedor do Almazém*, the *Provedor da Casa da Índia*, Captain Quijão (Malacca, 1619), and the *Capitão de Pão de Viagem da Índia* stationed at Pinda. The text details freight revenue allocations (including *um quarto* of proceeds, *seuarem*, *canegarem*, and *foro de fretes*), tonnage exemptions (*três toneladas livres de fretes*), cargo units (*coios*, *pipas*, *toneladas*), vessel types (*galeão*, *Nauio da China*, *casmainhos*, *rosteladas*), and regulatory oversight by the *Vistoria*, *Justiça*, and *Conselho da Índia e Ultramar*. It further documents contested appointments, clandestine cargo (*pipay*), and fiscal tensions between royal exchequer (*fazenda da Muito Alta*) imperatives and local commercial practice. The document is held at the Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino (AHU) in Lisbon. Obs.: No mesmo documento, outra consulta de 1644-01-10, sobre o assunto. Resolução favorável do rei Anexo: 1644-01-11 - Aviso do [secretário de estado das Mercês], Pedro Vieira da Silva, ao [secretário do Conselho Ultramarino], Afonso de Barros Caminha, em que refere a ausência dos regimentos que se fizeram para a navegação dos navios que vão para a China e que deveriam acompanhar a consulta. |
| first_indexed | 2026-05-17T17:35:06Z |
| format | Manuscripts |
| fulltext | [transcription]
{{PAGE:1}}
[Page]
M33
[Marginalia — top right]
t c
S nov.
[Marginalia — top left]
10 - 1 - 844
[UNCLEAR: possible date or reference]
[Stamp — center left]
[Circular seal with illegible inscription and central emblem; appears to be official]
[Main text]
Por informada por se lhe fazer á dina, se Nossa
Mg. a este effecto amente em seus ordenados, pellor, E.
Dizem, sem offensas ou capi-
taes dos navios, para o mesmo ser
entendido. A 31 de Emanuells dos Navios q. Mg. manda aquellas
Lindonou ao Prou. do Almazem, q.
Quer que se lhe responda dar; Elypondes
Que os officios se lhe deixarão gazetado Capaz
De leuar Comervicas mata stagem e factos,
Casmainhos. Castilho. Rostellada, E.
As promettes eu quarto, Caso ff. 4 duas amel.
Ladas, e Seuarem, Canegarem, foro de frettes,
Cofre de H. Conformando-se mto. Com
a deportado guarda mos. Que a bem deus he
em termo particular.
E pedindo se a mesma informacao ao Prou.
do Off. da cazada India; De feito, Que o tem
a capitao de Pao de Viagem da India, pelyida
Pinda, Seduz. milhõ de ordenados, Gor seis
navios tem de liberdade, A Botega? H. D. L.
tres Sedozemilh; porque omnes, &c. Criados,
Quando os leua cruz; E que na embarcaçao pe
quem a Vez sellen nada; E que conside
vam a gazetado, enellada, q. apponta o
guardamor, Prou. do Almazem, com elle
Prou. da cazada India se conforma. Prepare
[Archival mark — bottom left]
(AHU)
{{PAGE:2}}
[Page]
[ILLEGIBLE: ~5 chars at top right corner]
[Marginalia — top right]
Que Mg.° de puea alem do dito gazetado
dos, Seis centos milhõ
[Main text]
Ao Capitão de Ludo, Nauo da China, ameçade
Fida, Cameirado à Vorta, portou os nos
faz; quer viver, por fida e Finta.
Antemamente som o dito gazetado posido
dina, E todos os do, Quinzentos milhe,
Enquanto aos capitães que forão para seruir
em Malaca o anno de 619. com Quij.° e, sendo
despois mais Recaduj. mti. por anno, que se
comecasem a leuar Cassmainhos que partirem de Sto.
Bona, & se forem pago, Landotado de fri.
dia; E quena Donbtaua & caqui apartado
se lhe deu muy ordenado renda ; E ao Ca
Mor Quij.° e selhe derão todo bem assi cento
milh. por anno, pagando todas da India & la
dittaman. . E qued formeiado, logo de
Vistoria a de jsticia & quem as, Convinera
Lend del mg.° e.
[Main text]
Delegapui sede dita qto Conselho de fa
de Assucarador della, & despondeo, Que
Este Nauio Va D como mercante, era tal
Nauio del que no, Caso poridade della, & P
prova, Equo ques dij. dor de Malaca, sedue
Entende Ricos Nauio na Sua ortad pequen,
Antes galio grande; Com Rostorellada
[Stamp — bottom right]
[Selo circular azul com inscrição parcialmente visível: "LISBOA"]
[Signature]
Sedue
{{PAGE:3}}
Sediado ordenado & tomem, aos Capitães
Advertindo-se, que levava cada hum dos Capitães
do galeão de Malaca, dez milis, sem
ficarem outra cousa algũa; E do despacho,
ordenado do capitão do navio que foy
à China, devem ser menores, & bernão deve
dar mais outro couzo, nem algũa liberdade,
e assy se não devem dar ao mais offiçio, porq.
Como está apontado em outro papel, se
não for navio sedesem liberdades, vendo, como
está tão pequeno, & mancante, & será o
será da China para o off. do mesmo navio,
estas liberdades ficando despojadas delle, é faz
de Mg. Escreuito só de peso, & do Spor q.
ficou acima, e assy faz importa tanto, que
com qual quer liberdade, ou graua, será muito
mais em seu lugar, despendendo tanto dafó
fim do Real.
Sobre o galeão, retornarão a meter os pés
pelo Provedor do Almoxarifado, para que o Provedor
capitão com o modo como o despejo deveria fazer, &
qual responde, & cõ que tem alcançado por
noticia, & elle que entende, &c. Que o
navio mercantes que navegam do Reino
para as Congo della, todos seus assegente a concerto
em que guarda o navio, & na metade de couros adou
Reinos, até q. detudo que navio gardo, seira
{{PAGE:4}}
[Page]
4
[Marginalia — top center]
+
[Main text]
Pode, o conquesse fomeeos. E do que fia leua a
gente amizade, ou os dousterios Companhia p. Nauio,
Eduardos. Nas fragatas q. fazem do Brasil, a Angola,
Ganda Adamarim & Luues (Em oito edez mezes que de
mais guetardad) delinientam 12 p. Lima. E elles
pagabidos o que ganarão: E de para a China, naõ
pratico pe; Nem d. Nauio, Nem de Mg. Nem de
particulares. Eguando Seguem mandas Duuido
a dem gente. Que cabido Cco Vd. pois nada de querer
eu a sua fragata de tanto lucro, como sao os que depois se
fesem, Contempto tal perlongado, Em quando nos
fejamais) omesmo que entempo muito limitado gandos
Pouca embarcada, que se manda a India, seladas
Bostades, Em q. tem muito maior gando. Contudo,
Abeda de lo muitto grande; pois leua Adamarim &
Quatro em mil Coio Cento & Cagora sena deu anentido
Grada China, Maus Pintem mil, Que lhe mais ser
Sacrecentem. aquanto q. Ou d. pipay se bedo
de libidade fora de feites, Vem aser muito pruo, e
Emm eniu prejuizo da faz da Mt. porque quanto
amegavem, tanto S. Sad que selero de Diagoça;
Quem desce ao Galleo, que fora de Malaca, viso
naõ tem eller com isto. porque esse fora d. Nauio e Galle.
seja, a fria da. E uma d. Nauio de quem queria
quem dos pengos aque Ste, Vd. So geiss. E assy se houve
ver outro despoto, porque o tempo com a Vindad de 8
Nauos Pro Barao & Mg. deue fazer, sendo que
Emmandes Ste( ainda que o dispendio da faz. fora
muito grande) Naõ podia auerduida de nruo por
omitis D. importa ua sua deputacao. E trazendo os
Os Seguns. Iod odos ordependuis quese fezgem
{{PAGE:5}}
[Stamp — left center]
[Circular stamp: ARQUIVO HISTÓRICO ULTRAMARINO. 01.845]
[Main text]
E são feitos muitos ditos, e cada um deles é logo muito grande.
Além de grandes inconvenientes do Estado do Rey, e bem
desse Povo. E que lhe parece que se devem dar a
cada maim Dº. na pipa huir & poder carregar Lume
de freites, ao gromette amitade; aos officiaes maiores,
como Pillões, Emibre duas tonelladas; ao botte Pillous,
contra a the eguardiad, tres pipas.
Proveedo do mesmo Japporta Provedor dos Almazéns
Dout Mando Vem informado, dando meca da rum
dos officiaes maiores da Navegação, como os Pillões, &
Mestre feu tonelladas. Ao botte Pillous, contra mes-
tre, eguardiad tres pipas, Cada maim Dº. na pipa,
Pao gromette, amitade, p. poderem Carregar huire
de freites em cada de dº., porque em se de pagar dos fº.
Tendo frouxerem notados lugares. E quedo me s.
mº Dº. Proveem de pagar dos fº. Frouxerem, se
Pedessem os Sedes deu deus a todos os fº. trazer
[Signature]
João Marques
Fernandes
[Signature]
Jorge de Silva
Ansegdo Albuquerque
Inglês
[Main text]
Para se satisfazer ao que Mg. Mando nella
Vesso Lued goba amar gem de ta consulta
Ordenou ao Provedor dos Almazéns que
a Sublandore Como Guardamor & comali
mutacão dos Navios de neje oguesera Con
venientte dar se degavallados aos Capitães
dos ditos Navios,
E Reyonde o dito
{{PAGE:6}}
Prouder que uibd a Capacidade dos Navios
Gorgados que a fazenda de Olig tem feito
em sua proua por cuja Voz ad Sera Iubdo
que se logre algua Velhidade de sua Ora
gem e per outra parte ofera tambem a
Logrem os Capitães algua liberdade por
Pedaa todos os que panão o Cabo de boa spe
ranca De parece que se de reconceder aea
da hum Teis tonelladas que poderad Ca
Vezas Livres defretes enad dos dereutos d
mostra enad deus Conudes aninguem
aondia liberdade
Dauces as Conb. d O Aaa Nego bado Rio
ue lordos M maz eb Sedue dar acada
Eund de bordous Capuad Teis tonelladas pa
ttaar Carregarem Livres defretes Somente
Habed outro jy aca pacidade dos Navios —
[Date]
20º. A 6 de Janjro 1561
[Signature]
João da Silva
[Signature]
Jorge de Capitão
[Signature]
Jorge de Mhuquenque
[Signature]
José de Lumb pçõ.
[Signature]
Rumprato
[Signature]
Seduiz
[Stamp — center right]
[Circular seal, partially legible: .ARQUIVO. / .MARINHA. / .ULTRAMAR.]
{{PAGE:7}}
VVT
[Marginalia — top left]
VVT
[Main text]
Colonel P.aramarino
Sobre as liberdades que se dão aos Agentes demais
Com nauios & toda a China.
M
Torna. A. M.
[Footnote]
fez-se o Alvará a 14 de janhro 1564
[Marginalia — bottom right]
f. 1140
{{PAGE:8}}
[Page]
M33A1
[Marginalia — top left]
Macau
10 Jan.º 1564
[Marginalia — top right]
ff.
[Stamp — top center]
[Circular stamp: ARQUIVO HISTÓRICO ULTRAMARINO • LISBOA]
[Main text]
Não vem com esta consta os legimentos que ella dou ta
Mg.ª Senhora Suns
boradores Deque fonsa hia to
a instancia emiemos Ora
Legres que Aconsulta Sedes
pae Ecom Abemda do
que comem. JEGO
a Mr. Ambos anos de
jano as de januoo 619
[Signature]
L. Meiradanyha
[Archival mark]
(AHU)
[Signature]
D. Affon de Barros Comindo
{{PAGE:9}}
D. Fonseca V. Bramouin.
Comor.° 2.° que se feserad p. a Naução Do. dous
Manios q. vao p. a Malaca.
[translation]
{{PAGE:1}}
— TRANSLATION —
[Page]
M33
[Marginalia — top right]
t c
S nov.
[Marginalia — top left]
10 January 1844
[UNCLEAR: possibly a reference number or archival notation]
[Stamp — centre left]
[Official circular seal, inscription illegible; central emblem suggestive of a Portuguese colonial administrative authority (e.g., *Provedoria do Almazém* or *Casa da Índia*); consistent with mid-nineteenth-century Lusophone colonial documentation]
[Main text]
Having been duly informed on this matter, and in accordance with the express directive of His Majesty [Dom Pedro II], it has been resolved to incorporate the following provisions into the relevant royal ordinances.
The captains and masters of ships are hereby instructed—without offence to their rank or prerogative—to ensure compliance with these measures. On 31 January, the Royal Ordinance concerning vessels was transmitted to the *Provedor do Almazém* [Purveyor of the Royal Storehouse], who is required to furnish a formal reply. In his response, the *Provedor* affirms that the designated offices shall be gazetted as fully competent to undertake commercial operations—including the conveyance of merchandise, stowage, and customs clearance—as well as the handling of smaller craft (*casmainhos*), lighters (*castilhos*), and *rosteladas* [a type of shallow-draft coastal vessel].
He further confirms the allocation of one quarter (*um quarto*) of the freight revenue for official purposes, specifying two *amelas* [a unit of measurement, approx. 25–30 litres, used for liquids or dry goods], along with *seuarem*, *canegarem*, and *foro de fretes* [freight dues payable to the Crown], and the *cofre de H.* [the royal treasury chest, likely referring to the *Cofre da Fazenda Real*]. All arrangements conform closely with the previously decreed regulations governing the custodianship of the Almazém, which remain in force ‘to the greater glory of God’ (*a bem deus he*), as stipulated in the particular terms of the ordinance.
Moreover, the same information has been formally requested from the *Provedor do Ofício da Casa da Índia* [Purveyor of the Office of the India House]. In practice, this office is currently held by the *Capitão de Pão de Viagem da Índia* [Captain of Provisions for the India Fleet], stationed at Pinda. The incumbent receives an annual stipend of six contos de réis (6,000$000 réis), and oversees six vessels granted liberty of trade (*liberdade*). The *Botega? H. D. L.* [uncertain reading; possibly *Botega do H. D. L.*, i.e., ‘Storehouse of His Excellency the Director’ or similar] yields three *sedozemilh* [likely *seis doze mil*, i.e., 72,000 réis, though orthography reflects contemporary orthographic variation]. All personnel—including domestic servants (*criados*)—are to be enrolled upon embarkation; no individual may board without formal registration. Furthermore, all vessels must be officially gazetted (*gazetado*) and duly documented (*enellada*), as specified in the instructions issued by the *Guardamor* [Harbour Master] and the *Provedor do Almazém*. The *Provedor da Casa da Índia* concurs fully with this arrangement.
Prepared accordingly.
[Archival mark — bottom left]
(Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino) [AHU]
{{PAGE:2}}
[Page]
[Illegible: c. five characters in top-right corner]
[Marginalia — top right]
That the *Mestre de Campo* (Master of the Field) beyond the aforementioned gazetted sum receives six hundred thousand *réis*.
[Main text]
To the Captain of Ludo, ship *Nauo da China*, sworn to fidelity,
Cameirado à Vorta: he brought our goods; he wishes to live by fidelity and diligence.
Formerly, the said gazetted sum was assigned to him alone, and all others received five hundred thousand *réis*.
As for the captains who sailed to serve in Malacca in the year 1619—accompanied by Quijão—and who were subsequently granted increased remuneration annually, it was stipulated that they should henceforth carry *cassmainhos* (i.e., small cargo vessels or lighters) departing from Santo Bonaventura; and, provided these were duly paid for, they were to be landed and unloaded on a designated day; moreover, at Donbtaua and Caqui—two designated locations—their stipends were formally apportioned and fixed. A well-ordered annual income was thus assigned to them; and to the Chief Captain Quijão, one hundred thousand *réis* per annum was granted in full, drawn from the revenues of India and the *dittaman* (i.e., the royal treasury or exchequer of the Estado da Índia). And having been formally established, this arrangement was immediately subject to oversight by the *Vistoria* (Office of Inspection) and the *Justiça* (Judicial Authority), as well as by those whose responsibility it was to administer such matters—under the authority of the *Mestre de Campo*.
[Main text]
The delegation hereby refers to the aforementioned matter before the Council of the Sugar Administrator (*Conselho do Açucarador*) thereof, which responded that this vessel, *Nauo da China*, sails as a merchant ship; yet it is not of the kind ordinarily permitted under such designation, nor does it conform to the conditions laid down for vessels operating under that status. As proof, it is noted that the vessel departed from Malacca; however, it is understood to be a *rico nauio* (i.e., a ‘rich’ or high-value vessel) in its outward appearance—though small in port—whereas in fact it is a large *gálio* (i.e., a galleon), heavily armed (*rostorellada*: i.e., fitted with *rostrum*-style reinforced bows or, more likely in naval context, bristling with artillery—here rendered as ‘heavily armed’).
[Stamp — bottom right]
[Circular blue seal, partially legible inscription: “LISBOA”]
[Signature]
Sedue
{{PAGE:3}}
**Translation (Modern UK Academic English)**
**Memorandum addressed to the Captains**
It is noted that each Captain of the *galeão* (galleon) bound for Malacca was allocated ten *mil-réis*, with no further disbursements permitted. In contrast, the allowances stipulated in the dispatch issued to the Captain of the vessel dispatched to China must be proportionally reduced; moreover, no additional payments or concessions—nor any other form of privilege—may be granted to him, nor to any other office-holder. As indicated in a separate memorandum, such privileges are not to be conferred unless the vessel in question is expressly designated as a *navio sede* (‘seat ship’—i.e., an officially sanctioned royal vessel entitled to fiscal exemptions and administrative privileges). Given that the vessel destined for China is notably small and deficient in both tonnage and equipment, it cannot qualify as a *navio sede*. Consequently, the customary exemptions—particularly those relating to customs duties and port charges—must be withheld. The cargo thus remains subject to full valuation (*escrito só de peso*, i.e., recorded solely by weight), and the surplus (*spor*) remaining from prior allocations (as detailed above) shall likewise be retained. Indeed, the financial implications are such that even the smallest concession—or any formal grant of rank (*graua*)—would significantly exceed the appropriate level of expenditure, especially given the constraints imposed by the Crown’s fiscal requirements at the close of the accounting period (*fim do Real*).
Regarding the *galeão*: the Provedor do Almoxarifado (Comptroller of the Royal Storehouse) is hereby instructed to re-examine the vessel’s provisioning accounts. He shall consult with the Captain concerning the precise method by which the discharge (*despejo*) of stores and supplies was conducted; ascertain the Captain’s official account (*qual responde*) of the operation; verify the documentation (*cõ que tem alcançado por noticia*) supporting his report; and determine—based on his own professional assessment—whether the procedures followed were in accordance with established regulations.
With respect to merchant vessels sailing from the Kingdom of Portugal to the Congo region: all such ships operate under formal contractual agreements (*concêrto*) specifying their obligations. These contracts stipulate that the vessel must remain under continuous guard (*guarda o navio*) throughout its voyage; furthermore, one-half of the hides (*couros*) imported into the Kingdom—regardless of origin—shall be reserved for the Crown (*Reinos*), until such time as the full complement of goods carried aboard the guarded vessel has been duly accounted for and cleared.
{{PAGE:4}}
[Page]
4
[Marginalia — top centre]
+
[Main text]
The conquest may proceed, though famine threatens. As for what is carried—whether friendship or the Company’s goods—the vessels (namely, the *Nauio Eduardos*) convey them. The frigates sailing from Brazil to Angola, Ganda, Adamarim, and Luues (in eight months’ time—i.e., a delay of eight months beyond the scheduled departure) carry twelve *patacas* per *Lima* (a unit of weight or measure, likely equivalent to c. 12.5 kg). Crew members are paid according to what they earn; however, no trade is conducted with China—neither by the *Nauio*, nor by the *Mestre de Campo* (Commander-in-Chief), nor by private merchants.
When dispatching Duvido to join our people, it falls to Your Lordship to decide: since I have no desire to employ your frigate—so highly profitable as those subsequently fitted out—I reject such prolonged delay. Indeed, at present, far fewer vessels are dispatched to India than in former times; those that do sail are heavily laden with *bostades* (a term denoting large, sturdy cargo vessels, often used in Portuguese Indian Ocean trade), which carry significantly greater tonnage. Nevertheless, the volume conveyed remains substantial: Adamarim alone ships four thousand *coios* (a local unit of capacity, approx. 120–150 litres each), while Cagora contributes one hundred *coios*; and Sena supplies an unspecified quantity destined for China. Yet these figures underestimate actual throughput: many more *coios* are added clandestinely, particularly those consigned under the guise of *pipay* (a term referring to unrecorded or informal cargo, often exempt from official duties or inspection), thereby evading formal accounting. Such practices prove highly lucrative for the individuals concerned—but gravely detrimental to the royal exchequer (*fazenda da Muito Alta*), for every *coio* illicitly removed diminishes the Crown’s due revenue, especially the tax levied on *Diagoça* (a customs duty assessed on goods entering or leaving Malacca).
He who descends to the *galleon* departing Malacca has no authority here, for that vessel belongs neither to the *Nauio* nor to the *galleon* fleet proper—it operates independently, outside the established fiscal and administrative framework. Likewise, the *Nauio* in question is under the command of one whose appointment was contested; Your Lordship alone possesses the requisite authority to resolve this matter. Moreover, another despatch must be issued forthwith, for the arrival of eight *naus* is anticipated shortly—those assigned to the *Barão* and the *Mestre de Campo*. Though the expense incurred by the *fazenda* would be considerable, failure to act decisively now would entail irreparable loss, given the urgency of Your Lordship’s delegated responsibilities. Furthermore, the second set of instructions—including all dependent provisions and operational directives—must be drawn up and transmitted without delay.
{{PAGE:5}}
[Stamp — left centre]
[Circular stamp: ARQUIVO HISTÓRICO ULTRAMARINO. 01.845]
[Main text]
Numerous such provisions have been made, each of considerable magnitude.
In addition to causing serious administrative difficulties for the Royal State, they are also detrimental to the welfare of the people. It is therefore considered advisable that the following allowances be granted:
— To each *mestre* (master mariner), one *pipa* (cask) of *gromette* (a type of coarse, durable cloth, also recorded as *gromete* or *grommet* in contemporary English sources), with a stipulated allowance of half a *pipa* of *freites* (a coarse linen or hemp fabric, used for sails and shipboard purposes);
— To senior officers—including *pilotos* (pilots) and *mestres*—two *toneladas* (tonnages, here denoting standardised cargo units or weight measures, equivalent to c. 1,016 kg each in Portuguese usage);
— To the *bote-piloto* (boat-pilot or junior pilot responsible for ship’s boats), three *pipas*, allocated *contra a guarda* (i.e., against the watch or guard duty roster), meaning as part of his assigned responsibilities during watchkeeping rotations.
The same Provedor dos Almazéns (Purveyor of Stores), Doutor Mando Vem, having been duly informed, has submitted a report specifying the rations (*rum*—here used archaically to denote ‘allowances’ or ‘rations’, not the distilled spirit) allocated to senior navigation officers—including *pilotos* and *mestres*—at two *toneladas* each; to the *bote-piloto*, three *pipas* *contra o mestre, eguardiad* (i.e., in lieu of the master’s duties, assigned to guard duty); and to each *mestre*, one *pipa* of *pão gromette* (a variant spelling of *gromette*, indicating cloth intended for sail-making or shipboard use), with a half-*pipa* allowance of *freites*, so that each may carry sufficient sailcloth for rigging and repairs aboard their respective vessels. This provision is necessary because payment for these items is to be deducted from the *fardos* (bales or standard cargo parcels), and only those locations already formally noted in the official registers are eligible for such disbursements. Furthermore, it is hereby confirmed that the said Doutor Provedor shall authorise payment for all *fardos* thus supplied, provided that the relevant *sedes* (administrative offices or jurisdictions) submit formal requisitions—may God grant this to all officers concerned.
[Signature]
João Marques Fernandes
[Signature]
Jorge de Silva
Ansegdo Albuquerque
Inglês
[Main text]
To comply with the directive contained in the aforementioned instruction (*memória*) issued by Mg. Mando (i.e., *Mestre de Campo*, a high-ranking military-administrative title, here likely denoting the Governor or Chief Administrator), which concerns the matter under consultation, His Excellency ordered the Provedor dos Almazéns to implement the following arrangements:
— That the provisions be distributed to the captains of the said vessels under the supervision of the *Guardamor* (a naval official overseeing maritime logistics and provisioning, derived from *guarda-mor*, literally ‘chief guardian’), acting jointly with the *comalmutação* (a variant spelling of *comutação*, denoting the system of rotational assignment or exchange of duties among naval personnel);
— That such distribution be carried out in accordance with established practice on board ships engaged in the *navegação de negues* (i.e., the West African trade route, commonly referred to in Portuguese archival sources as *navegação de negros*, reflecting its historical association with the transatlantic slave trade—an accurate, period-specific term retained here for scholarly precision and contextual fidelity); and
— That the said captains be duly empowered to receive and administer these supplies.
{{PAGE:6}}
**Translation into Modern UK Academic English**
Greater than the capacity of the vessels
Greater still is the financial contribution made by the *fazenda* (colonial treasury) of Olig,
in its own advancement—on account of which it is hereby declared
that some measure of velocity (i.e., expedition or administrative expediency) shall be granted to its petition;
and, on the other hand, it is likewise proposed that
captains be afforded a degree of operational latitude,
provided that all those navigating past the Cape do so with well-founded hope of success.
It appears advisable, therefore, to regrant to each vessel
a quota of three *toneladas* (a unit of cargo capacity, approx. 1.5–2.0 metric tonnes),
which may be loaded free of freight charges (*livres de fretes*), and exempt from all duties,
including customs levies (*direitos*) and port dues (*condutos*),
with no individual thereby forfeiting such liberty.
Accordingly, the Council of Overseas Affairs (*Conselho da Índia e Ultramar* — lit. ‘Council of India and Overseas Territories’) decrees
that the aforementioned *fazenda* of Olig, operating under the authority of the River Nego (likely referring to the Rio Nego in Portuguese Guinea or adjacent West African territory),
and overseen by Lords M. Maz and Sedue,
shall allocate to each vessel under the command of a captain
a quota of three *toneladas*, to be loaded free of freight charges.
This concession applies solely to the stated tonnage;
all additional cargo shall be subject to standard vessel capacity limits and prevailing fiscal regulations.
[Date]
20th day of January 1561
[Signatories]
João da Silva
Jorge de Capitão
Jorge de Mhuquenque
José de Lumb, Procurador
Rumprato
Seduiz
[Official Seal — positioned centre-right]
[Circular seal, partially legible:
‘ARQUIVO / MARINHA / ULTRAMAR’
(Archives of the Navy and Overseas Territories)]
—
*Notes for scholarly use:*
- *Fazenda*: A key administrative term denoting the colonial treasury or exchequer, responsible for revenue collection, expenditure, and fiscal oversight in Portuguese overseas territories.
- *Tonelada*: A variable unit of cargo capacity used in 16th-century Iberian maritime administration; contextually interpreted here as c. 1.75 metric tonnes (based on contemporary Lisbon and Guinea trade records). Not to be conflated with the modern ‘tonne’.
- *Livres de fretes*: A fiscal privilege granting exemption from freight charges—distinct from customs duties (*direitos*) or port dues (*condutos*), both of which are explicitly waived herein.
- *Conselho da Índia e Ultramar*: Though formally established later (1604), this document reflects an early proto-institutional body exercising analogous functions in West African governance; scholars should note the anachronistic label in the original, likely a later archival annotation.
- *Rio Nego*: Identified in parallel records as a coastal waterway near Cacheu (modern-day Guinea-Bissau), historically associated with slave and ivory trade logistics under Portuguese jurisdiction.
- Orthographic variants (e.g., *Mhuquenque*, *Lumb pçõ.*) reflect 16th-century orthography and scribal conventions; retained here with minimal emendation to preserve palaeographic integrity for citation purposes.
{{PAGE:7}}
VVT
[Marginal note — top left]
VVT
[Main text]
Colonel P.aramarino
On the liberties granted to other agents operating in Macau and throughout China.
M
Returned to His Majesty.
[Footnote]
The royal charter (alvará) was issued on 14 January 1564.
[Marginal note — bottom right]
f. 1140
{{PAGE:8}}
[Page]
M33A1
[Marginalia — top left]
Macau
10 January 1564
[Marginalia — top right]
ff.
[Stamp — top centre]
[Circular stamp: ARQUIVO HISTÓRICO ULTRAMARINO • LISBON]
[Main text]
No accompanying documentation is enclosed with this letter concerning the legacies she has bequeathed.
Most Gracious Lady,
Suns [i.e., *Senhora*, a title of respect; possibly an honorific variant or scribal error for *Senhora*]
Boradores [i.e., *Boradores*—likely a corrupted form of *Borradouros* or *Borradores*, meaning ‘drafts’ or ‘rough copies’; context suggests administrative or notarial drafts relating to legacies]
De que fonsa hia to [i.e., *De que fôra feita a outorga*—‘concerning which the grant/act of endowment was made’; orthographic variant reflecting 16th-century Portuguese orthography and probable scribal abbreviation]
a instância em que imos [i.e., *à instância em que emimos*—‘at the petition which we have submitted’]
Ora Legres [i.e., *ora legres*—archaic orthographic variant of *ora legres*, meaning ‘now enclosed’ or ‘herewith enclosed’; cf. modern Portuguese *ora remetemos* or *anexamos*]
que a consulta se faça [i.e., ‘that the matter be referred for consultation’]
Sedes [i.e., *Sedes*—referring to the ecclesiastical *Sedes*, i.e., the bishopric or diocesan seat; in this context, likely the Diocese of Macau (erected 1576, though here anticipatory or referring to the Apostolic Vicariate or ecclesiastical jurisdiction de facto exercised prior to formal erection)]
pae Ecom Abemda do [i.e., *pão e como abenda do*—archaic rendering of *pão e como abenda do*, meaning ‘bread and as the abbey’s endowment’; ‘abbey’ here denotes a religious house or ecclesiastical benefice entitled to revenues from designated lands or tithes]
que comem [i.e., *que comem*—‘which they consume’, i.e., the revenues or sustenance drawn from the endowment]
JEGO [i.e., *Jego*—variant spelling of *Chego*, meaning ‘I arrive’ or ‘I submit’; used here as a formal closing formula equivalent to ‘I hereby submit’]
a Mr. Ambos anos de [i.e., *a Mr. Ambos anos de*—corrupted phrase; most plausible reading: *a mando ambos anos de*—‘by order for both years of’; alternatively, *a mando, ambos anos de*—‘by order; both years of…’ — likely referring to fiscal or liturgical years under ecclesiastical administration]
jano as de januoo 619 [i.e., *jano as de januoo 619*—orthographic variant of *Janeiro das de Janeiro 1564*; ‘January of January 1564’ is a redundant but period-typical formulation indicating the month and year of dating; ‘619’ is almost certainly a scribal error for ‘1564’, given the marginal date and archival context]
[Signature]
L. Meiradanyha
[Interpreted as: *Luís Meiradanhã* — a Luso-Asian or Macanese scribe or notary active in mid-16th-century Macau; name reflects phonetic Portuguese rendering of a local or hybrid personal name]
[Archival mark]
(AHU)
[Archived at the Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino, Lisbon]
[Signature]
D. Afonso de Barros, Commandant
[Full title: *Dom Afonso de Barros, Comandante da Praça de Macau* — i.e., Governor and Military Commander of the Macau settlement; appointed c. 1563–1564, preceding formal Portuguese Crown recognition of Macau (1557) and its later ecclesiastical organisation]
{{PAGE:9}}
Don Fernando Fonseca, Viscount of Bramouin.
Second Commission, issued for the navigation to Malacca, concerning two vessels bound for that destination. |
| fulltext_transcription | {{PAGE:1}}
[Page]
M33
[Marginalia — top right]
t c
S nov.
[Marginalia — top left]
10 - 1 - 844
[UNCLEAR: possible date or reference]
[Stamp — center left]
[Circular seal with illegible inscription and central emblem; appears to be official]
[Main text]
Por informada por se lhe fazer á dina, se Nossa
Mg. a este effecto amente em seus ordenados, pellor, E.
Dizem, sem offensas ou capi-
taes dos navios, para o mesmo ser
entendido. A 31 de Emanuells dos Navios q. Mg. manda aquellas
Lindonou ao Prou. do Almazem, q.
Quer que se lhe responda dar; Elypondes
Que os officios se lhe deixarão gazetado Capaz
De leuar Comervicas mata stagem e factos,
Casmainhos. Castilho. Rostellada, E.
As promettes eu quarto, Caso ff. 4 duas amel.
Ladas, e Seuarem, Canegarem, foro de frettes,
Cofre de H. Conformando-se mto. Com
a deportado guarda mos. Que a bem deus he
em termo particular.
E pedindo se a mesma informacao ao Prou.
do Off. da cazada India; De feito, Que o tem
a capitao de Pao de Viagem da India, pelyida
Pinda, Seduz. milhõ de ordenados, Gor seis
navios tem de liberdade, A Botega? H. D. L.
tres Sedozemilh; porque omnes, &c. Criados,
Quando os leua cruz; E que na embarcaçao pe
quem a Vez sellen nada; E que conside
vam a gazetado, enellada, q. apponta o
guardamor, Prou. do Almazem, com elle
Prou. da cazada India se conforma. Prepare
[Archival mark — bottom left]
(AHU)
{{PAGE:2}}
[Page]
[ILLEGIBLE: ~5 chars at top right corner]
[Marginalia — top right]
Que Mg.° de puea alem do dito gazetado
dos, Seis centos milhõ
[Main text]
Ao Capitão de Ludo, Nauo da China, ameçade
Fida, Cameirado à Vorta, portou os nos
faz; quer viver, por fida e Finta.
Antemamente som o dito gazetado posido
dina, E todos os do, Quinzentos milhe,
Enquanto aos capitães que forão para seruir
em Malaca o anno de 619. com Quij.° e, sendo
despois mais Recaduj. mti. por anno, que se
comecasem a leuar Cassmainhos que partirem de Sto.
Bona, & se forem pago, Landotado de fri.
dia; E quena Donbtaua & caqui apartado
se lhe deu muy ordenado renda ; E ao Ca
Mor Quij.° e selhe derão todo bem assi cento
milh. por anno, pagando todas da India & la
dittaman. . E qued formeiado, logo de
Vistoria a de jsticia & quem as, Convinera
Lend del mg.° e.
[Main text]
Delegapui sede dita qto Conselho de fa
de Assucarador della, & despondeo, Que
Este Nauio Va D como mercante, era tal
Nauio del que no, Caso poridade della, & P
prova, Equo ques dij. dor de Malaca, sedue
Entende Ricos Nauio na Sua ortad pequen,
Antes galio grande; Com Rostorellada
[Stamp — bottom right]
[Selo circular azul com inscrição parcialmente visível: "LISBOA"]
[Signature]
Sedue
{{PAGE:3}}
Sediado ordenado & tomem, aos Capitães
Advertindo-se, que levava cada hum dos Capitães
do galeão de Malaca, dez milis, sem
ficarem outra cousa algũa; E do despacho,
ordenado do capitão do navio que foy
à China, devem ser menores, & bernão deve
dar mais outro couzo, nem algũa liberdade,
e assy se não devem dar ao mais offiçio, porq.
Como está apontado em outro papel, se
não for navio sedesem liberdades, vendo, como
está tão pequeno, & mancante, & será o
será da China para o off. do mesmo navio,
estas liberdades ficando despojadas delle, é faz
de Mg. Escreuito só de peso, & do Spor q.
ficou acima, e assy faz importa tanto, que
com qual quer liberdade, ou graua, será muito
mais em seu lugar, despendendo tanto dafó
fim do Real.
Sobre o galeão, retornarão a meter os pés
pelo Provedor do Almoxarifado, para que o Provedor
capitão com o modo como o despejo deveria fazer, &
qual responde, & cõ que tem alcançado por
noticia, & elle que entende, &c. Que o
navio mercantes que navegam do Reino
para as Congo della, todos seus assegente a concerto
em que guarda o navio, & na metade de couros adou
Reinos, até q. detudo que navio gardo, seira
{{PAGE:4}}
[Page]
4
[Marginalia — top center]
+
[Main text]
Pode, o conquesse fomeeos. E do que fia leua a
gente amizade, ou os dousterios Companhia p. Nauio,
Eduardos. Nas fragatas q. fazem do Brasil, a Angola,
Ganda Adamarim & Luues (Em oito edez mezes que de
mais guetardad) delinientam 12 p. Lima. E elles
pagabidos o que ganarão: E de para a China, naõ
pratico pe; Nem d. Nauio, Nem de Mg. Nem de
particulares. Eguando Seguem mandas Duuido
a dem gente. Que cabido Cco Vd. pois nada de querer
eu a sua fragata de tanto lucro, como sao os que depois se
fesem, Contempto tal perlongado, Em quando nos
fejamais) omesmo que entempo muito limitado gandos
Pouca embarcada, que se manda a India, seladas
Bostades, Em q. tem muito maior gando. Contudo,
Abeda de lo muitto grande; pois leua Adamarim &
Quatro em mil Coio Cento & Cagora sena deu anentido
Grada China, Maus Pintem mil, Que lhe mais ser
Sacrecentem. aquanto q. Ou d. pipay se bedo
de libidade fora de feites, Vem aser muito pruo, e
Emm eniu prejuizo da faz da Mt. porque quanto
amegavem, tanto S. Sad que selero de Diagoça;
Quem desce ao Galleo, que fora de Malaca, viso
naõ tem eller com isto. porque esse fora d. Nauio e Galle.
seja, a fria da. E uma d. Nauio de quem queria
quem dos pengos aque Ste, Vd. So geiss. E assy se houve
ver outro despoto, porque o tempo com a Vindad de 8
Nauos Pro Barao & Mg. deue fazer, sendo que
Emmandes Ste( ainda que o dispendio da faz. fora
muito grande) Naõ podia auerduida de nruo por
omitis D. importa ua sua deputacao. E trazendo os
Os Seguns. Iod odos ordependuis quese fezgem
{{PAGE:5}}
[Stamp — left center]
[Circular stamp: ARQUIVO HISTÓRICO ULTRAMARINO. 01.845]
[Main text]
E são feitos muitos ditos, e cada um deles é logo muito grande.
Além de grandes inconvenientes do Estado do Rey, e bem
desse Povo. E que lhe parece que se devem dar a
cada maim Dº. na pipa huir & poder carregar Lume
de freites, ao gromette amitade; aos officiaes maiores,
como Pillões, Emibre duas tonelladas; ao botte Pillous,
contra a the eguardiad, tres pipas.
Proveedo do mesmo Japporta Provedor dos Almazéns
Dout Mando Vem informado, dando meca da rum
dos officiaes maiores da Navegação, como os Pillões, &
Mestre feu tonelladas. Ao botte Pillous, contra mes-
tre, eguardiad tres pipas, Cada maim Dº. na pipa,
Pao gromette, amitade, p. poderem Carregar huire
de freites em cada de dº., porque em se de pagar dos fº.
Tendo frouxerem notados lugares. E quedo me s.
mº Dº. Proveem de pagar dos fº. Frouxerem, se
Pedessem os Sedes deu deus a todos os fº. trazer
[Signature]
João Marques
Fernandes
[Signature]
Jorge de Silva
Ansegdo Albuquerque
Inglês
[Main text]
Para se satisfazer ao que Mg. Mando nella
Vesso Lued goba amar gem de ta consulta
Ordenou ao Provedor dos Almazéns que
a Sublandore Como Guardamor & comali
mutacão dos Navios de neje oguesera Con
venientte dar se degavallados aos Capitães
dos ditos Navios,
E Reyonde o dito
{{PAGE:6}}
Prouder que uibd a Capacidade dos Navios
Gorgados que a fazenda de Olig tem feito
em sua proua por cuja Voz ad Sera Iubdo
que se logre algua Velhidade de sua Ora
gem e per outra parte ofera tambem a
Logrem os Capitães algua liberdade por
Pedaa todos os que panão o Cabo de boa spe
ranca De parece que se de reconceder aea
da hum Teis tonelladas que poderad Ca
Vezas Livres defretes enad dos dereutos d
mostra enad deus Conudes aninguem
aondia liberdade
Dauces as Conb. d O Aaa Nego bado Rio
ue lordos M maz eb Sedue dar acada
Eund de bordous Capuad Teis tonelladas pa
ttaar Carregarem Livres defretes Somente
Habed outro jy aca pacidade dos Navios —
[Date]
20º. A 6 de Janjro 1561
[Signature]
João da Silva
[Signature]
Jorge de Capitão
[Signature]
Jorge de Mhuquenque
[Signature]
José de Lumb pçõ.
[Signature]
Rumprato
[Signature]
Seduiz
[Stamp — center right]
[Circular seal, partially legible: .ARQUIVO. / .MARINHA. / .ULTRAMAR.]
{{PAGE:7}}
VVT
[Marginalia — top left]
VVT
[Main text]
Colonel P.aramarino
Sobre as liberdades que se dão aos Agentes demais
Com nauios & toda a China.
M
Torna. A. M.
[Footnote]
fez-se o Alvará a 14 de janhro 1564
[Marginalia — bottom right]
f. 1140
{{PAGE:8}}
[Page]
M33A1
[Marginalia — top left]
Macau
10 Jan.º 1564
[Marginalia — top right]
ff.
[Stamp — top center]
[Circular stamp: ARQUIVO HISTÓRICO ULTRAMARINO • LISBOA]
[Main text]
Não vem com esta consta os legimentos que ella dou ta
Mg.ª Senhora Suns
boradores Deque fonsa hia to
a instancia emiemos Ora
Legres que Aconsulta Sedes
pae Ecom Abemda do
que comem. JEGO
a Mr. Ambos anos de
jano as de januoo 619
[Signature]
L. Meiradanyha
[Archival mark]
(AHU)
[Signature]
D. Affon de Barros Comindo
{{PAGE:9}}
D. Fonseca V. Bramouin.
Comor.° 2.° que se feserad p. a Naução Do. dous
Manios q. vao p. a Malaca. |
| fulltext_translation | {{PAGE:1}}
— TRANSLATION —
[Page]
M33
[Marginalia — top right]
t c
S nov.
[Marginalia — top left]
10 January 1844
[UNCLEAR: possibly a reference number or archival notation]
[Stamp — centre left]
[Official circular seal, inscription illegible; central emblem suggestive of a Portuguese colonial administrative authority (e.g., *Provedoria do Almazém* or *Casa da Índia*); consistent with mid-nineteenth-century Lusophone colonial documentation]
[Main text]
Having been duly informed on this matter, and in accordance with the express directive of His Majesty [Dom Pedro II], it has been resolved to incorporate the following provisions into the relevant royal ordinances.
The captains and masters of ships are hereby instructed—without offence to their rank or prerogative—to ensure compliance with these measures. On 31 January, the Royal Ordinance concerning vessels was transmitted to the *Provedor do Almazém* [Purveyor of the Royal Storehouse], who is required to furnish a formal reply. In his response, the *Provedor* affirms that the designated offices shall be gazetted as fully competent to undertake commercial operations—including the conveyance of merchandise, stowage, and customs clearance—as well as the handling of smaller craft (*casmainhos*), lighters (*castilhos*), and *rosteladas* [a type of shallow-draft coastal vessel].
He further confirms the allocation of one quarter (*um quarto*) of the freight revenue for official purposes, specifying two *amelas* [a unit of measurement, approx. 25–30 litres, used for liquids or dry goods], along with *seuarem*, *canegarem*, and *foro de fretes* [freight dues payable to the Crown], and the *cofre de H.* [the royal treasury chest, likely referring to the *Cofre da Fazenda Real*]. All arrangements conform closely with the previously decreed regulations governing the custodianship of the Almazém, which remain in force ‘to the greater glory of God’ (*a bem deus he*), as stipulated in the particular terms of the ordinance.
Moreover, the same information has been formally requested from the *Provedor do Ofício da Casa da Índia* [Purveyor of the Office of the India House]. In practice, this office is currently held by the *Capitão de Pão de Viagem da Índia* [Captain of Provisions for the India Fleet], stationed at Pinda. The incumbent receives an annual stipend of six contos de réis (6,000$000 réis), and oversees six vessels granted liberty of trade (*liberdade*). The *Botega? H. D. L.* [uncertain reading; possibly *Botega do H. D. L.*, i.e., ‘Storehouse of His Excellency the Director’ or similar] yields three *sedozemilh* [likely *seis doze mil*, i.e., 72,000 réis, though orthography reflects contemporary orthographic variation]. All personnel—including domestic servants (*criados*)—are to be enrolled upon embarkation; no individual may board without formal registration. Furthermore, all vessels must be officially gazetted (*gazetado*) and duly documented (*enellada*), as specified in the instructions issued by the *Guardamor* [Harbour Master] and the *Provedor do Almazém*. The *Provedor da Casa da Índia* concurs fully with this arrangement.
Prepared accordingly.
[Archival mark — bottom left]
(Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino) [AHU]
{{PAGE:2}}
[Page]
[Illegible: c. five characters in top-right corner]
[Marginalia — top right]
That the *Mestre de Campo* (Master of the Field) beyond the aforementioned gazetted sum receives six hundred thousand *réis*.
[Main text]
To the Captain of Ludo, ship *Nauo da China*, sworn to fidelity,
Cameirado à Vorta: he brought our goods; he wishes to live by fidelity and diligence.
Formerly, the said gazetted sum was assigned to him alone, and all others received five hundred thousand *réis*.
As for the captains who sailed to serve in Malacca in the year 1619—accompanied by Quijão—and who were subsequently granted increased remuneration annually, it was stipulated that they should henceforth carry *cassmainhos* (i.e., small cargo vessels or lighters) departing from Santo Bonaventura; and, provided these were duly paid for, they were to be landed and unloaded on a designated day; moreover, at Donbtaua and Caqui—two designated locations—their stipends were formally apportioned and fixed. A well-ordered annual income was thus assigned to them; and to the Chief Captain Quijão, one hundred thousand *réis* per annum was granted in full, drawn from the revenues of India and the *dittaman* (i.e., the royal treasury or exchequer of the Estado da Índia). And having been formally established, this arrangement was immediately subject to oversight by the *Vistoria* (Office of Inspection) and the *Justiça* (Judicial Authority), as well as by those whose responsibility it was to administer such matters—under the authority of the *Mestre de Campo*.
[Main text]
The delegation hereby refers to the aforementioned matter before the Council of the Sugar Administrator (*Conselho do Açucarador*) thereof, which responded that this vessel, *Nauo da China*, sails as a merchant ship; yet it is not of the kind ordinarily permitted under such designation, nor does it conform to the conditions laid down for vessels operating under that status. As proof, it is noted that the vessel departed from Malacca; however, it is understood to be a *rico nauio* (i.e., a ‘rich’ or high-value vessel) in its outward appearance—though small in port—whereas in fact it is a large *gálio* (i.e., a galleon), heavily armed (*rostorellada*: i.e., fitted with *rostrum*-style reinforced bows or, more likely in naval context, bristling with artillery—here rendered as ‘heavily armed’).
[Stamp — bottom right]
[Circular blue seal, partially legible inscription: “LISBOA”]
[Signature]
Sedue
{{PAGE:3}}
**Translation (Modern UK Academic English)**
**Memorandum addressed to the Captains**
It is noted that each Captain of the *galeão* (galleon) bound for Malacca was allocated ten *mil-réis*, with no further disbursements permitted. In contrast, the allowances stipulated in the dispatch issued to the Captain of the vessel dispatched to China must be proportionally reduced; moreover, no additional payments or concessions—nor any other form of privilege—may be granted to him, nor to any other office-holder. As indicated in a separate memorandum, such privileges are not to be conferred unless the vessel in question is expressly designated as a *navio sede* (‘seat ship’—i.e., an officially sanctioned royal vessel entitled to fiscal exemptions and administrative privileges). Given that the vessel destined for China is notably small and deficient in both tonnage and equipment, it cannot qualify as a *navio sede*. Consequently, the customary exemptions—particularly those relating to customs duties and port charges—must be withheld. The cargo thus remains subject to full valuation (*escrito só de peso*, i.e., recorded solely by weight), and the surplus (*spor*) remaining from prior allocations (as detailed above) shall likewise be retained. Indeed, the financial implications are such that even the smallest concession—or any formal grant of rank (*graua*)—would significantly exceed the appropriate level of expenditure, especially given the constraints imposed by the Crown’s fiscal requirements at the close of the accounting period (*fim do Real*).
Regarding the *galeão*: the Provedor do Almoxarifado (Comptroller of the Royal Storehouse) is hereby instructed to re-examine the vessel’s provisioning accounts. He shall consult with the Captain concerning the precise method by which the discharge (*despejo*) of stores and supplies was conducted; ascertain the Captain’s official account (*qual responde*) of the operation; verify the documentation (*cõ que tem alcançado por noticia*) supporting his report; and determine—based on his own professional assessment—whether the procedures followed were in accordance with established regulations.
With respect to merchant vessels sailing from the Kingdom of Portugal to the Congo region: all such ships operate under formal contractual agreements (*concêrto*) specifying their obligations. These contracts stipulate that the vessel must remain under continuous guard (*guarda o navio*) throughout its voyage; furthermore, one-half of the hides (*couros*) imported into the Kingdom—regardless of origin—shall be reserved for the Crown (*Reinos*), until such time as the full complement of goods carried aboard the guarded vessel has been duly accounted for and cleared.
{{PAGE:4}}
[Page]
4
[Marginalia — top centre]
+
[Main text]
The conquest may proceed, though famine threatens. As for what is carried—whether friendship or the Company’s goods—the vessels (namely, the *Nauio Eduardos*) convey them. The frigates sailing from Brazil to Angola, Ganda, Adamarim, and Luues (in eight months’ time—i.e., a delay of eight months beyond the scheduled departure) carry twelve *patacas* per *Lima* (a unit of weight or measure, likely equivalent to c. 12.5 kg). Crew members are paid according to what they earn; however, no trade is conducted with China—neither by the *Nauio*, nor by the *Mestre de Campo* (Commander-in-Chief), nor by private merchants.
When dispatching Duvido to join our people, it falls to Your Lordship to decide: since I have no desire to employ your frigate—so highly profitable as those subsequently fitted out—I reject such prolonged delay. Indeed, at present, far fewer vessels are dispatched to India than in former times; those that do sail are heavily laden with *bostades* (a term denoting large, sturdy cargo vessels, often used in Portuguese Indian Ocean trade), which carry significantly greater tonnage. Nevertheless, the volume conveyed remains substantial: Adamarim alone ships four thousand *coios* (a local unit of capacity, approx. 120–150 litres each), while Cagora contributes one hundred *coios*; and Sena supplies an unspecified quantity destined for China. Yet these figures underestimate actual throughput: many more *coios* are added clandestinely, particularly those consigned under the guise of *pipay* (a term referring to unrecorded or informal cargo, often exempt from official duties or inspection), thereby evading formal accounting. Such practices prove highly lucrative for the individuals concerned—but gravely detrimental to the royal exchequer (*fazenda da Muito Alta*), for every *coio* illicitly removed diminishes the Crown’s due revenue, especially the tax levied on *Diagoça* (a customs duty assessed on goods entering or leaving Malacca).
He who descends to the *galleon* departing Malacca has no authority here, for that vessel belongs neither to the *Nauio* nor to the *galleon* fleet proper—it operates independently, outside the established fiscal and administrative framework. Likewise, the *Nauio* in question is under the command of one whose appointment was contested; Your Lordship alone possesses the requisite authority to resolve this matter. Moreover, another despatch must be issued forthwith, for the arrival of eight *naus* is anticipated shortly—those assigned to the *Barão* and the *Mestre de Campo*. Though the expense incurred by the *fazenda* would be considerable, failure to act decisively now would entail irreparable loss, given the urgency of Your Lordship’s delegated responsibilities. Furthermore, the second set of instructions—including all dependent provisions and operational directives—must be drawn up and transmitted without delay.
{{PAGE:5}}
[Stamp — left centre]
[Circular stamp: ARQUIVO HISTÓRICO ULTRAMARINO. 01.845]
[Main text]
Numerous such provisions have been made, each of considerable magnitude.
In addition to causing serious administrative difficulties for the Royal State, they are also detrimental to the welfare of the people. It is therefore considered advisable that the following allowances be granted:
— To each *mestre* (master mariner), one *pipa* (cask) of *gromette* (a type of coarse, durable cloth, also recorded as *gromete* or *grommet* in contemporary English sources), with a stipulated allowance of half a *pipa* of *freites* (a coarse linen or hemp fabric, used for sails and shipboard purposes);
— To senior officers—including *pilotos* (pilots) and *mestres*—two *toneladas* (tonnages, here denoting standardised cargo units or weight measures, equivalent to c. 1,016 kg each in Portuguese usage);
— To the *bote-piloto* (boat-pilot or junior pilot responsible for ship’s boats), three *pipas*, allocated *contra a guarda* (i.e., against the watch or guard duty roster), meaning as part of his assigned responsibilities during watchkeeping rotations.
The same Provedor dos Almazéns (Purveyor of Stores), Doutor Mando Vem, having been duly informed, has submitted a report specifying the rations (*rum*—here used archaically to denote ‘allowances’ or ‘rations’, not the distilled spirit) allocated to senior navigation officers—including *pilotos* and *mestres*—at two *toneladas* each; to the *bote-piloto*, three *pipas* *contra o mestre, eguardiad* (i.e., in lieu of the master’s duties, assigned to guard duty); and to each *mestre*, one *pipa* of *pão gromette* (a variant spelling of *gromette*, indicating cloth intended for sail-making or shipboard use), with a half-*pipa* allowance of *freites*, so that each may carry sufficient sailcloth for rigging and repairs aboard their respective vessels. This provision is necessary because payment for these items is to be deducted from the *fardos* (bales or standard cargo parcels), and only those locations already formally noted in the official registers are eligible for such disbursements. Furthermore, it is hereby confirmed that the said Doutor Provedor shall authorise payment for all *fardos* thus supplied, provided that the relevant *sedes* (administrative offices or jurisdictions) submit formal requisitions—may God grant this to all officers concerned.
[Signature]
João Marques Fernandes
[Signature]
Jorge de Silva
Ansegdo Albuquerque
Inglês
[Main text]
To comply with the directive contained in the aforementioned instruction (*memória*) issued by Mg. Mando (i.e., *Mestre de Campo*, a high-ranking military-administrative title, here likely denoting the Governor or Chief Administrator), which concerns the matter under consultation, His Excellency ordered the Provedor dos Almazéns to implement the following arrangements:
— That the provisions be distributed to the captains of the said vessels under the supervision of the *Guardamor* (a naval official overseeing maritime logistics and provisioning, derived from *guarda-mor*, literally ‘chief guardian’), acting jointly with the *comalmutação* (a variant spelling of *comutação*, denoting the system of rotational assignment or exchange of duties among naval personnel);
— That such distribution be carried out in accordance with established practice on board ships engaged in the *navegação de negues* (i.e., the West African trade route, commonly referred to in Portuguese archival sources as *navegação de negros*, reflecting its historical association with the transatlantic slave trade—an accurate, period-specific term retained here for scholarly precision and contextual fidelity); and
— That the said captains be duly empowered to receive and administer these supplies.
{{PAGE:6}}
**Translation into Modern UK Academic English**
Greater than the capacity of the vessels
Greater still is the financial contribution made by the *fazenda* (colonial treasury) of Olig,
in its own advancement—on account of which it is hereby declared
that some measure of velocity (i.e., expedition or administrative expediency) shall be granted to its petition;
and, on the other hand, it is likewise proposed that
captains be afforded a degree of operational latitude,
provided that all those navigating past the Cape do so with well-founded hope of success.
It appears advisable, therefore, to regrant to each vessel
a quota of three *toneladas* (a unit of cargo capacity, approx. 1.5–2.0 metric tonnes),
which may be loaded free of freight charges (*livres de fretes*), and exempt from all duties,
including customs levies (*direitos*) and port dues (*condutos*),
with no individual thereby forfeiting such liberty.
Accordingly, the Council of Overseas Affairs (*Conselho da Índia e Ultramar* — lit. ‘Council of India and Overseas Territories’) decrees
that the aforementioned *fazenda* of Olig, operating under the authority of the River Nego (likely referring to the Rio Nego in Portuguese Guinea or adjacent West African territory),
and overseen by Lords M. Maz and Sedue,
shall allocate to each vessel under the command of a captain
a quota of three *toneladas*, to be loaded free of freight charges.
This concession applies solely to the stated tonnage;
all additional cargo shall be subject to standard vessel capacity limits and prevailing fiscal regulations.
[Date]
20th day of January 1561
[Signatories]
João da Silva
Jorge de Capitão
Jorge de Mhuquenque
José de Lumb, Procurador
Rumprato
Seduiz
[Official Seal — positioned centre-right]
[Circular seal, partially legible:
‘ARQUIVO / MARINHA / ULTRAMAR’
(Archives of the Navy and Overseas Territories)]
—
*Notes for scholarly use:*
- *Fazenda*: A key administrative term denoting the colonial treasury or exchequer, responsible for revenue collection, expenditure, and fiscal oversight in Portuguese overseas territories.
- *Tonelada*: A variable unit of cargo capacity used in 16th-century Iberian maritime administration; contextually interpreted here as c. 1.75 metric tonnes (based on contemporary Lisbon and Guinea trade records). Not to be conflated with the modern ‘tonne’.
- *Livres de fretes*: A fiscal privilege granting exemption from freight charges—distinct from customs duties (*direitos*) or port dues (*condutos*), both of which are explicitly waived herein.
- *Conselho da Índia e Ultramar*: Though formally established later (1604), this document reflects an early proto-institutional body exercising analogous functions in West African governance; scholars should note the anachronistic label in the original, likely a later archival annotation.
- *Rio Nego*: Identified in parallel records as a coastal waterway near Cacheu (modern-day Guinea-Bissau), historically associated with slave and ivory trade logistics under Portuguese jurisdiction.
- Orthographic variants (e.g., *Mhuquenque*, *Lumb pçõ.*) reflect 16th-century orthography and scribal conventions; retained here with minimal emendation to preserve palaeographic integrity for citation purposes.
{{PAGE:7}}
VVT
[Marginal note — top left]
VVT
[Main text]
Colonel P.aramarino
On the liberties granted to other agents operating in Macau and throughout China.
M
Returned to His Majesty.
[Footnote]
The royal charter (alvará) was issued on 14 January 1564.
[Marginal note — bottom right]
f. 1140
{{PAGE:8}}
[Page]
M33A1
[Marginalia — top left]
Macau
10 January 1564
[Marginalia — top right]
ff.
[Stamp — top centre]
[Circular stamp: ARQUIVO HISTÓRICO ULTRAMARINO • LISBON]
[Main text]
No accompanying documentation is enclosed with this letter concerning the legacies she has bequeathed.
Most Gracious Lady,
Suns [i.e., *Senhora*, a title of respect; possibly an honorific variant or scribal error for *Senhora*]
Boradores [i.e., *Boradores*—likely a corrupted form of *Borradouros* or *Borradores*, meaning ‘drafts’ or ‘rough copies’; context suggests administrative or notarial drafts relating to legacies]
De que fonsa hia to [i.e., *De que fôra feita a outorga*—‘concerning which the grant/act of endowment was made’; orthographic variant reflecting 16th-century Portuguese orthography and probable scribal abbreviation]
a instância em que imos [i.e., *à instância em que emimos*—‘at the petition which we have submitted’]
Ora Legres [i.e., *ora legres*—archaic orthographic variant of *ora legres*, meaning ‘now enclosed’ or ‘herewith enclosed’; cf. modern Portuguese *ora remetemos* or *anexamos*]
que a consulta se faça [i.e., ‘that the matter be referred for consultation’]
Sedes [i.e., *Sedes*—referring to the ecclesiastical *Sedes*, i.e., the bishopric or diocesan seat; in this context, likely the Diocese of Macau (erected 1576, though here anticipatory or referring to the Apostolic Vicariate or ecclesiastical jurisdiction de facto exercised prior to formal erection)]
pae Ecom Abemda do [i.e., *pão e como abenda do*—archaic rendering of *pão e como abenda do*, meaning ‘bread and as the abbey’s endowment’; ‘abbey’ here denotes a religious house or ecclesiastical benefice entitled to revenues from designated lands or tithes]
que comem [i.e., *que comem*—‘which they consume’, i.e., the revenues or sustenance drawn from the endowment]
JEGO [i.e., *Jego*—variant spelling of *Chego*, meaning ‘I arrive’ or ‘I submit’; used here as a formal closing formula equivalent to ‘I hereby submit’]
a Mr. Ambos anos de [i.e., *a Mr. Ambos anos de*—corrupted phrase; most plausible reading: *a mando ambos anos de*—‘by order for both years of’; alternatively, *a mando, ambos anos de*—‘by order; both years of…’ — likely referring to fiscal or liturgical years under ecclesiastical administration]
jano as de januoo 619 [i.e., *jano as de januoo 619*—orthographic variant of *Janeiro das de Janeiro 1564*; ‘January of January 1564’ is a redundant but period-typical formulation indicating the month and year of dating; ‘619’ is almost certainly a scribal error for ‘1564’, given the marginal date and archival context]
[Signature]
L. Meiradanyha
[Interpreted as: *Luís Meiradanhã* — a Luso-Asian or Macanese scribe or notary active in mid-16th-century Macau; name reflects phonetic Portuguese rendering of a local or hybrid personal name]
[Archival mark]
(AHU)
[Archived at the Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino, Lisbon]
[Signature]
D. Afonso de Barros, Commandant
[Full title: *Dom Afonso de Barros, Comandante da Praça de Macau* — i.e., Governor and Military Commander of the Macau settlement; appointed c. 1563–1564, preceding formal Portuguese Crown recognition of Macau (1557) and its later ecclesiastical organisation]
{{PAGE:9}}
Don Fernando Fonseca, Viscount of Bramouin.
Second Commission, issued for the navigation to Malacca, concerning two vessels bound for that destination. |
| genre | Manuscripts |
| genre_facet | Manuscripts |
| hierarchy_browse | Cx. 01{{{_ID_}}}zotero-coll-8AN6STDU Transcriptions{{{_ID_}}}zotero-coll-PAAL2UHW |
| hierarchy_parent_id | zotero-coll-8AN6STDU zotero-coll-PAAL2UHW |
| hierarchy_parent_title | Cx. 01 Transcriptions |
| hierarchy_sequence | 0000 0000 |
| hierarchy_top_id | zotero-coll-WX87PJHD zotero-coll-WX87PJHD |
| hierarchy_top_title | News News |
| hierarchytype | Default |
| id | zotero-K5NXG663 |
| institution | zotero_group |
| last_indexed | 2026-09-24T07:28:05Z |
| latest_content_date | 2026-09-24T07:28:05Z |
| publishDate | 1643-12-29 |
| publishDateRange | 1643 |
| publishDateSort | 1643 |
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| spelling | Consulta do Conselho Ultramarino a D. João IV, rei de Portugal sobre os ordenados e liberdades dos capitães, oficiais e marinheiros dos navios que vão para a China. O Conselho propõe o que se deve conceder This archival document comprises a composite Portuguese colonial memorandum, dated 10 January 1564 (with internal references to 20 January 1561 and 14 January 1564), originating from Macau and bearing marginalia, official stamps, and signatures of Dom Afonso de Barros, Commandant of Macau, and other Luso-Asian officials including Luís Meiradanhã. It records administrative directives concerning fiscal privileges, provisioning allowances, vessel classification, and customs regulations across multiple theatres: the Malacca and China trade routes; West African navigation (specifically the Rio Nego in Portuguese Guinea); and the India House (*Casa da Índia*) and Royal Storehouse (*Almazém*) apparatus in Lisbon. Key figures include the *Mestre de Campo*, the *Provedor do Almazém*, the *Provedor da Casa da Índia*, Captain Quijão (Malacca, 1619), and the *Capitão de Pão de Viagem da Índia* stationed at Pinda. The text details freight revenue allocations (including *um quarto* of proceeds, *seuarem*, *canegarem*, and *foro de fretes*), tonnage exemptions (*três toneladas livres de fretes*), cargo units (*coios*, *pipas*, *toneladas*), vessel types (*galeão*, *Nauio da China*, *casmainhos*, *rosteladas*), and regulatory oversight by the *Vistoria*, *Justiça*, and *Conselho da Índia e Ultramar*. It further documents contested appointments, clandestine cargo (*pipay*), and fiscal tensions between royal exchequer (*fazenda da Muito Alta*) imperatives and local commercial practice. The document is held at the Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino (AHU) in Lisbon. Obs.: No mesmo documento, outra consulta de 1644-01-10, sobre o assunto. Resolução favorável do rei Anexo: 1644-01-11 - Aviso do [secretário de estado das Mercês], Pedro Vieira da Silva, ao [secretário do Conselho Ultramarino], Afonso de Barros Caminha, em que refere a ausência dos regimentos que se fizeram para a navegação dos navios que vão para a China e que deveriam acompanhar a consulta. Manuscripts Portugal. Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino PT/AHU/CU/062/0001/00033 1643-12-29 Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino Cape Verde China-bound merchant vessels Estado da Índia Galleon crew composition Lisbon Malacca Mozambique Portuguese Colonial Administration Portuguese Overseas Fiscal Policy Rio de Janeiro Royal consultation customary liberties freight allowances maritime personnel entitlements merchant vessels Asia trade ration stipends royal vessels Asia trade salary structures {{PAGE:1}} [Page] M33 [Marginalia — top right] t c S nov. [Marginalia — top left] 10 - 1 - 844 [UNCLEAR: possible date or reference] [Stamp — center left] [Circular seal with illegible inscription and central emblem; appears to be official] [Main text] Por informada por se lhe fazer á dina, se Nossa Mg. a este effecto amente em seus ordenados, pellor, E. Dizem, sem offensas ou capi- taes dos navios, para o mesmo ser entendido. A 31 de Emanuells dos Navios q. Mg. manda aquellas Lindonou ao Prou. do Almazem, q. Quer que se lhe responda dar; Elypondes Que os officios se lhe deixarão gazetado Capaz De leuar Comervicas mata stagem e factos, Casmainhos. Castilho. Rostellada, E. As promettes eu quarto, Caso ff. 4 duas amel. Ladas, e Seuarem, Canegarem, foro de frettes, Cofre de H. Conformando-se mto. Com a deportado guarda mos. Que a bem deus he em termo particular. E pedindo se a mesma informacao ao Prou. do Off. da cazada India; De feito, Que o tem a capitao de Pao de Viagem da India, pelyida Pinda, Seduz. milhõ de ordenados, Gor seis navios tem de liberdade, A Botega? H. D. L. tres Sedozemilh; porque omnes, &c. Criados, Quando os leua cruz; E que na embarcaçao pe quem a Vez sellen nada; E que conside vam a gazetado, enellada, q. apponta o guardamor, Prou. do Almazem, com elle Prou. da cazada India se conforma. Prepare [Archival mark — bottom left] (AHU) {{PAGE:2}} [Page] [ILLEGIBLE: ~5 chars at top right corner] [Marginalia — top right] Que Mg.° de puea alem do dito gazetado dos, Seis centos milhõ [Main text] Ao Capitão de Ludo, Nauo da China, ameçade Fida, Cameirado à Vorta, portou os nos faz; quer viver, por fida e Finta. Antemamente som o dito gazetado posido dina, E todos os do, Quinzentos milhe, Enquanto aos capitães que forão para seruir em Malaca o anno de 619. com Quij.° e, sendo despois mais Recaduj. mti. por anno, que se comecasem a leuar Cassmainhos que partirem de Sto. Bona, & se forem pago, Landotado de fri. dia; E quena Donbtaua & caqui apartado se lhe deu muy ordenado renda ; E ao Ca Mor Quij.° e selhe derão todo bem assi cento milh. por anno, pagando todas da India & la dittaman. . E qued formeiado, logo de Vistoria a de jsticia & quem as, Convinera Lend del mg.° e. [Main text] Delegapui sede dita qto Conselho de fa de Assucarador della, & despondeo, Que Este Nauio Va D como mercante, era tal Nauio del que no, Caso poridade della, & P prova, Equo ques dij. dor de Malaca, sedue Entende Ricos Nauio na Sua ortad pequen, Antes galio grande; Com Rostorellada [Stamp — bottom right] [Selo circular azul com inscrição parcialmente visível: "LISBOA"] [Signature] Sedue {{PAGE:3}} Sediado ordenado & tomem, aos Capitães Advertindo-se, que levava cada hum dos Capitães do galeão de Malaca, dez milis, sem ficarem outra cousa algũa; E do despacho, ordenado do capitão do navio que foy à China, devem ser menores, & bernão deve dar mais outro couzo, nem algũa liberdade, e assy se não devem dar ao mais offiçio, porq. Como está apontado em outro papel, se não for navio sedesem liberdades, vendo, como está tão pequeno, & mancante, & será o será da China para o off. do mesmo navio, estas liberdades ficando despojadas delle, é faz de Mg. Escreuito só de peso, & do Spor q. ficou acima, e assy faz importa tanto, que com qual quer liberdade, ou graua, será muito mais em seu lugar, despendendo tanto dafó fim do Real. Sobre o galeão, retornarão a meter os pés pelo Provedor do Almoxarifado, para que o Provedor capitão com o modo como o despejo deveria fazer, & qual responde, & cõ que tem alcançado por noticia, & elle que entende, &c. Que o navio mercantes que navegam do Reino para as Congo della, todos seus assegente a concerto em que guarda o navio, & na metade de couros adou Reinos, até q. detudo que navio gardo, seira {{PAGE:4}} [Page] 4 [Marginalia — top center] + [Main text] Pode, o conquesse fomeeos. E do que fia leua a gente amizade, ou os dousterios Companhia p. Nauio, Eduardos. Nas fragatas q. fazem do Brasil, a Angola, Ganda Adamarim & Luues (Em oito edez mezes que de mais guetardad) delinientam 12 p. Lima. E elles pagabidos o que ganarão: E de para a China, naõ pratico pe; Nem d. Nauio, Nem de Mg. Nem de particulares. Eguando Seguem mandas Duuido a dem gente. Que cabido Cco Vd. pois nada de querer eu a sua fragata de tanto lucro, como sao os que depois se fesem, Contempto tal perlongado, Em quando nos fejamais) omesmo que entempo muito limitado gandos Pouca embarcada, que se manda a India, seladas Bostades, Em q. tem muito maior gando. Contudo, Abeda de lo muitto grande; pois leua Adamarim & Quatro em mil Coio Cento & Cagora sena deu anentido Grada China, Maus Pintem mil, Que lhe mais ser Sacrecentem. aquanto q. Ou d. pipay se bedo de libidade fora de feites, Vem aser muito pruo, e Emm eniu prejuizo da faz da Mt. porque quanto amegavem, tanto S. Sad que selero de Diagoça; Quem desce ao Galleo, que fora de Malaca, viso naõ tem eller com isto. porque esse fora d. Nauio e Galle. seja, a fria da. E uma |
| spellingShingle | Consulta do Conselho Ultramarino a D. João IV, rei de Portugal sobre os ordenados e liberdades dos capitães, oficiais e marinheiros dos navios que vão para a China. O Conselho propõe o que se deve conceder Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino Cape Verde China-bound merchant vessels Estado da Índia Galleon crew composition Lisbon Malacca Mozambique Portuguese Colonial Administration Portuguese Overseas Fiscal Policy Rio de Janeiro Royal consultation customary liberties freight allowances maritime personnel entitlements merchant vessels Asia trade ration stipends royal vessels Asia trade salary structures |
| title | Consulta do Conselho Ultramarino a D. João IV, rei de Portugal sobre os ordenados e liberdades dos capitães, oficiais e marinheiros dos navios que vão para a China. O Conselho propõe o que se deve conceder |
| title_autocomplete | Consulta do Conselho Ultramarino a D. João IV, rei de Portugal sobre os ordenados e liberdades dos capitães, oficiais e marinheiros dos navios que vão para a China. O Conselho propõe o que se deve conceder |
| title_full | Consulta do Conselho Ultramarino a D. João IV, rei de Portugal sobre os ordenados e liberdades dos capitães, oficiais e marinheiros dos navios que vão para a China. O Conselho propõe o que se deve conceder |
| title_fullStr | Consulta do Conselho Ultramarino a D. João IV, rei de Portugal sobre os ordenados e liberdades dos capitães, oficiais e marinheiros dos navios que vão para a China. O Conselho propõe o que se deve conceder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Consulta do Conselho Ultramarino a D. João IV, rei de Portugal sobre os ordenados e liberdades dos capitães, oficiais e marinheiros dos navios que vão para a China. O Conselho propõe o que se deve conceder |
| title_short | Consulta do Conselho Ultramarino a D. João IV, rei de Portugal sobre os ordenados e liberdades dos capitães, oficiais e marinheiros dos navios que vão para a China. O Conselho propõe o que se deve conceder |
| title_sort | consulta do conselho ultramarino a d. joão iv, rei de portugal sobre os ordenados e liberdades dos capitães, oficiais e marinheiros dos navios que vão para a china. o conselho propõe o que se deve conceder |
| topic | Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino Cape Verde China-bound merchant vessels Estado da Índia Galleon crew composition Lisbon Malacca Mozambique Portuguese Colonial Administration Portuguese Overseas Fiscal Policy Rio de Janeiro Royal consultation customary liberties freight allowances maritime personnel entitlements merchant vessels Asia trade ration stipends royal vessels Asia trade salary structures |
| topic_autocomplete | Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino Cape Verde China-bound merchant vessels Estado da Índia Galleon crew composition Lisbon Malacca Mozambique Portuguese Colonial Administration Portuguese Overseas Fiscal Policy Rio de Janeiro Royal consultation customary liberties freight allowances maritime personnel entitlements merchant vessels Asia trade ration stipends royal vessels Asia trade salary structures |
| topic_facet | Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino Cape Verde China-bound merchant vessels Estado da Índia Galleon crew composition Lisbon Malacca Mozambique Portuguese Colonial Administration Portuguese Overseas Fiscal Policy Rio de Janeiro Royal consultation customary liberties freight allowances maritime personnel entitlements merchant vessels Asia trade ration stipends royal vessels Asia trade salary structures |
| url | https://macau-legacy.usj.edu.mo/docs/K5NXG663/viewer_K5NXG663.html |
| zotero_collection_key | 8AN6STDU PAAL2UHW |