THE WUGONGCHUAN (CENTIPEDE SHIPS) AND THE PORTUGUESE

This article examines the historical significance of the *wugongchuan*, or “Centipede Ships,” and their association with early Portuguese maritime activities in Guangdong during the first half of the sixteenth century. Drawing on key Sinological sources, most notably Li Zhaoxiang’s *Longjiang chuanc...

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Published in:Review of Culture
Main Author: Roderich Ptak
Format: Articles
Published: Instituto Cultural de Macau January 2003
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Online Access:https://www.icm.gov.mo/rc/viewer/pdfViewerParts/40005/2703
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description This article examines the historical significance of the *wugongchuan*, or “Centipede Ships,” and their association with early Portuguese maritime activities in Guangdong during the first half of the sixteenth century. Drawing on key Sinological sources, most notably Li Zhaoxiang’s *Longjiang chuanchang zhi* (1553) and Shen Qi’s *Nan chuan ji* (1541), Roderich Ptak analyzes how these vessels were perceived and eventually replicated by the Ming administration. The study details the technical specifications of the *wugongchuan*, highlighting their distinctive oar-driven speed, maneuverability, and the integration of *folangji* (Portuguese) breech-loading bronze cannons—weaponry that Chinese officials recognized as superior to existing domestic technology. The author investigates the process of technological transfer, specifically focusing on the 1525 imperial mandate to construct a prototype in Nanjing using specialized shipwrights from Guangdong. By comparing textual descriptions and contemporary illustrations, the article illuminates the intersection of naval architecture, military defense, and cross-cultural encounters prior to the formal settlement of Macao. Ptak demonstrates that the *wugongchuan* serves as a critical case study in the Ming dynasty’s pragmatic response to European maritime encroachment, illustrating a period of transition where foreign naval innovations were systematically adopted to bolster Chinese coastal security.
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spelling THE WUGONGCHUAN (CENTIPEDE SHIPS) AND THE PORTUGUESE
This article examines the historical significance of the *wugongchuan*, or “Centipede Ships,” and their association with early Portuguese maritime activities in Guangdong during the first half of the sixteenth century. Drawing on key Sinological sources, most notably Li Zhaoxiang’s *Longjiang chuanchang zhi* (1553) and Shen Qi’s *Nan chuan ji* (1541), Roderich Ptak analyzes how these vessels were perceived and eventually replicated by the Ming administration. The study details the technical specifications of the *wugongchuan*, highlighting their distinctive oar-driven speed, maneuverability, and the integration of *folangji* (Portuguese) breech-loading bronze cannons—weaponry that Chinese officials recognized as superior to existing domestic technology. The author investigates the process of technological transfer, specifically focusing on the 1525 imperial mandate to construct a prototype in Nanjing using specialized shipwrights from Guangdong. By comparing textual descriptions and contemporary illustrations, the article illuminates the intersection of naval architecture, military defense, and cross-cultural encounters prior to the formal settlement of Macao. Ptak demonstrates that the *wugongchuan* serves as a critical case study in the Ming dynasty’s pragmatic response to European maritime encroachment, illustrating a period of transition where foreign naval innovations were systematically adopted to bolster Chinese coastal security.
Instituto Cultural de Macau
Macau
Review of Culture
Articles
January 2003
Roderich Ptak
spellingShingle THE WUGONGCHUAN (CENTIPEDE SHIPS) AND THE PORTUGUESE
Roderich Ptak
title THE WUGONGCHUAN (CENTIPEDE SHIPS) AND THE PORTUGUESE
title_autocomplete THE WUGONGCHUAN (CENTIPEDE SHIPS) AND THE PORTUGUESE
title_full THE WUGONGCHUAN (CENTIPEDE SHIPS) AND THE PORTUGUESE
title_fullStr THE WUGONGCHUAN (CENTIPEDE SHIPS) AND THE PORTUGUESE
title_full_unstemmed THE WUGONGCHUAN (CENTIPEDE SHIPS) AND THE PORTUGUESE
title_short THE WUGONGCHUAN (CENTIPEDE SHIPS) AND THE PORTUGUESE
title_sort the wugongchuan (centipede ships) and the portuguese
url https://www.icm.gov.mo/rc/viewer/pdfViewerParts/40005/2703
zotero_collection_key 76L3BRGH