Catholicism in China during the early 1930s: The dispute between the Italian regime and French diplomacy regarding the Protectorate of Catholics in China

The French Religious Protectorate enabled France to act as the guardian of Catholics in China. After the 1858 Treaty of Tientsin, it protected Catholic missions and missionaries and was accepted as a diplomatic arrangement by the main international actors. While not being a signatory to the Protecto...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of Modern Italian Studies
Main Author:	Coco, Orazio
Format:	Articles
Published:	Routledge 2025-12-01
Subjects:	Benito Mussolini and Chiang Kai-shek ; Benito Mussolini e Chiang Kai-shek ; Cardinal Celso Costantini ; Cardinale Celso Costantini ; Catholic Church and fascist regime ; Catholic Church in China ; Chiesa cattolica e regime fascista ; Chiesa cattolica in Cina ; Fascismo in Cina ; French religious protectorate ; Galeazzo Ciano ; Protettorato religioso francese ; fascism in China ; Taylor and Francis+NEJM ; Articles
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571X.2025.2580094

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