REPUBLICAN REVOLUTIONARIES : SUN YAT SEN, CARLOS DA MAIA AND THE MACAO HARBOUR PROJECT民主主義革命家：孫中山、嘉路米耶與澳門港口計劃
The article examines how Portuguese and Chinese republican networks converged around Macao between 1914 and 1916, focusing on Sun Yat Sen, José Carlos de Maia, and what the author terms the "Outer Harbour Project" of 1922. It argues that the appointment and actions of Carlos da Maia as governor of M...
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| Published in: | Review of Culture |
|---|---|
| Main Author: | |
| Format: | Articles |
| Published: |
Instituto Cultural de Macau
October 2010
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.icm.gov.mo/rc/viewer/pdfViewerParts/40036/3293 |
| _version_ | 1877196270566637568 |
|---|---|
| author | Paul B. Spooner |
| author_autocomplete | Paul B. Spooner |
| author_browse | Paul B. Spooner |
| author_facet | Paul B. Spooner Paul B. Spooner |
| author_sort | Paul B. Spooner |
| container_title | Review of Culture |
| container_title_str | Review of Culture |
| container_volume | 36 |
| container_volume_str | 36 |
| description | The article examines how Portuguese and Chinese republican networks converged around Macao between 1914 and 1916, focusing on Sun Yat Sen, José Carlos de Maia, and what the author terms the "Outer Harbour Project" of 1922. It argues that the appointment and actions of Carlos da Maia as governor of Macao were not circumstantial: the simultaneous presence of figures linked to Lusophone republicanism and activists from the nascent Kuomintang created an environment of clandestine cooperation that provided the 1911–1912 Revolution and its ramifications with a critical offshore foothold.
Methodologically, the text combines a contextual reading of political events (the period of the Portuguese Republican Party, the formation of the Gemingdang in Tokyo, and the post-1916 reorganization) with a reconstruction of personal trajectories and circuits of revolutionary sociability (including Sun Mei’s residence in Macao and later that of Zhu Zhixin). The analysis is complemented by an examination of epistolary documentation, highlighting the letter of June 23, 1916, from Sun Yat Sen to Carlos da Maia, whose dating reveals the sensitivity and practical utility of this network.
It concludes that the transimperial interdependencies built in Macao helped shape the resources, alliances, and strategies later reflected in the planning and operationalization of the port infrastructures associated with the 1922 project. |
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| latest_content_date | 2026-09-11T02:56:56Z |
| publishDate | October 2010 |
| publishDateRange | 2010 |
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| publishPlace | Macau |
| publisher | Instituto Cultural de Macau |
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| spelling | REPUBLICAN REVOLUTIONARIES : SUN YAT SEN, CARLOS DA MAIA AND THE MACAO HARBOUR PROJECT民主主義革命家：孫中山、嘉路米耶與澳門港口計劃 The article examines how Portuguese and Chinese republican networks converged around Macao between 1914 and 1916, focusing on Sun Yat Sen, José Carlos de Maia, and what the author terms the "Outer Harbour Project" of 1922. It argues that the appointment and actions of Carlos da Maia as governor of Macao were not circumstantial: the simultaneous presence of figures linked to Lusophone republicanism and activists from the nascent Kuomintang created an environment of clandestine cooperation that provided the 1911–1912 Revolution and its ramifications with a critical offshore foothold. Methodologically, the text combines a contextual reading of political events (the period of the Portuguese Republican Party, the formation of the Gemingdang in Tokyo, and the post-1916 reorganization) with a reconstruction of personal trajectories and circuits of revolutionary sociability (including Sun Mei’s residence in Macao and later that of Zhu Zhixin). The analysis is complemented by an examination of epistolary documentation, highlighting the letter of June 23, 1916, from Sun Yat Sen to Carlos da Maia, whose dating reveals the sensitivity and practical utility of this network. It concludes that the transimperial interdependencies built in Macao helped shape the resources, alliances, and strategies later reflected in the planning and operationalization of the port infrastructures associated with the 1922 project. Instituto Cultural de Macau Macau Review of Culture Articles October 2010 Paul B. Spooner |
| spellingShingle | REPUBLICAN REVOLUTIONARIES : SUN YAT SEN, CARLOS DA MAIA AND THE MACAO HARBOUR PROJECT民主主義革命家：孫中山、嘉路米耶與澳門港口計劃 Paul B. Spooner |
| title | REPUBLICAN REVOLUTIONARIES : SUN YAT SEN, CARLOS DA MAIA AND THE MACAO HARBOUR PROJECT民主主義革命家：孫中山、嘉路米耶與澳門港口計劃 |
| title_autocomplete | REPUBLICAN REVOLUTIONARIES : SUN YAT SEN, CARLOS DA MAIA AND THE MACAO HARBOUR PROJECT民主主義革命家：孫中山、嘉路米耶與澳門港口計劃 |
| title_full | REPUBLICAN REVOLUTIONARIES : SUN YAT SEN, CARLOS DA MAIA AND THE MACAO HARBOUR PROJECT民主主義革命家：孫中山、嘉路米耶與澳門港口計劃 |
| title_fullStr | REPUBLICAN REVOLUTIONARIES : SUN YAT SEN, CARLOS DA MAIA AND THE MACAO HARBOUR PROJECT民主主義革命家：孫中山、嘉路米耶與澳門港口計劃 |
| title_full_unstemmed | REPUBLICAN REVOLUTIONARIES : SUN YAT SEN, CARLOS DA MAIA AND THE MACAO HARBOUR PROJECT民主主義革命家：孫中山、嘉路米耶與澳門港口計劃 |
| title_short | REPUBLICAN REVOLUTIONARIES : SUN YAT SEN, CARLOS DA MAIA AND THE MACAO HARBOUR PROJECT民主主義革命家：孫中山、嘉路米耶與澳門港口計劃 |
| title_sort | republican revolutionaries : sun yat sen, carlos da maia and the macao harbour project民主主義革命家：孫中山、嘉路米耶與澳門港口計劃 |
| url | https://www.icm.gov.mo/rc/viewer/pdfViewerParts/40036/3293 |
| zotero_collection_key | 76L3BRGH |